Renowned Author and Eminent Sikh Scholar- Dr. Jasbir Singh Sarna
Dr. Devinder Pal Singh
Dr. Devinder Pal Singh
Dr. Jasbir Singh Sarna is a retired officer of the Agriculture Department, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, India. Currently, a resident of Sri Nagar, Dr. Sarna, despite being an expert in agriculture, has a close relationship with Sikh history and Punjabi literature. Since childhood, inspired by the religious traditions at home, he became an enthusiastic learner of Sikh Gurus' lives and Sikh history. Exploring the various aspects of the Sikh faith and Punjabi literature became an essential part of his life.
For the last four decades, he has been deeply involved in agricultural, literary, and Sikh historical works. His writings on these fields have been published worldwide in several newspapers, magazines, and research journals. To date, he has published 59 books and about 350 scholarly articles. Dr. Jasbir Singh Sarna is a multifaceted personality with diverse contributions to social, religious, environmental, and historical issues. He is well-known as a Sikh scholar and a sensitive Punjabi poet. With his in-depth study of Islam and Sikhism, he has played a critical role in presenting the concerns of Sikh and Muslim communities to the relevant authorities through his writings. Through this interview, his worldview, and opinions about various aspects of Sikhism are being shared for the benefit of the readers.
Q 1. You are an agriculture expert by training and profession; then, how have you become so interested in Sikh theology and history?
Ans: I was engaged in agriculture for my livelihood, but the literary impulse kept beckoning me, and my precious heritage inspired me toward Sikh Theology and History. These go hand in hand and do not pretend to be superior to each other. As a writer, my pen has gone through many phases; it has really been creating history. Subject-wise, all forms are my favorite as a mother has love and affection for all her children. As far as Sikh historiography is concerned, I have tried to maintain it and will continue to do so. In Punjabi, the creation process happens quickly because, in this language, I can carry out the flow of my thoughts like the water from the mountains. As far as my original works are concerned, their range is vast. As far as Sikh theology and history is concerned, I owe them to my parents, especially my father, the late Giani Sant Singh Bhatpuri, because he planted the glorious seed of Sikh history on the ground of my thinking.
Q 2. What are the unique features of Sri Guru Granth Sahib that make it universal in its approach to human concerns?
Ans: The Sri Guru Granth Sahib, the central scripture of Sikhism, has unique features that make it universal in its approach to human concerns. These features include diverse authorship, interfaith dialogue, emphasis on equality and social justice, spiritual guidance, musical form, the Guru's presence, and universal messages. These qualities make the scripture inclusive, relevant to all, and a source of guidance and inspiration for people seeking answers to life's questions.
Q 3. Can you enlighten us on the concepts of (i) Shabd, (ii) Shabd Guru, (iii) Naam, (iv) Naam Simran, (v) Hukam and (vi) Hukam realization as described in Sri Guru Granth Sahib?
Ans: These concepts are briefly mentioned hereafter:
(i) Shabd: The divine Word or Sound that represents the ultimate reality and creative power.
(ii) Shabd Guru: The Guru in the form of the divine Word found in Sri Guru Granth Sahib.
(iii) Naam: God's divine Name or essence present in everything.
(iv) Naam Simran: Meditating on and remembering the divine Name for spiritual connection and liberation.
(v) Hukam: The Divine Command or Will that governs the Universe.
(vi) Hukam realization: Recognizing and aligning oneself with the Divine Will for spiritual enlightenment and inner peace.
Q 4. The concepts of the afterlife, heaven, hell, and salvation are part of many religions. Based on your analytic study of Sri Guru Granth Sahib, what is the Sikh perspective on these concepts?
Ans: In Sikhism, the concepts of the afterlife, heaven, hell, and salvation are understood differently than in other religions. The Sikh perspective on these concepts can be derived from a comprehensive study of the Sri Guru Granth Sahib, the central religious scripture of Sikhism. While it is important to note that individual interpretations may vary, the following are some critical aspects of the Sikh perspective on these concepts:
1. Afterlife: Sikhism acknowledges the existence of an afterlife. It teaches that the soul is eternal and continues to exist after the death of the physical body. However, the emphasis in Sikhism is placed on the present life and attaining union with the Divine in the present moment rather than solely focusing on the afterlife.
2. Heaven and Hell: Sikhism does not believe in the traditional concept of heaven and hell as eternal destinations for reward or punishment. Instead, heaven and hell are seen as states of consciousness that individuals experience based on their actions and deeds in this life. The Sikh Gurus stressed the importance of living a righteous and virtuous life to experience spiritual bliss and union with the Divine.
3. Salvation: The ultimate goal in Sikhism is to achieve union with the Divine, referred to as "Mukti" or "Jivan Mukti." It is attained through a spiritual journey of self-realization, cultivating a loving relationship with the Guru (Divine Teacher), and living following the teachings of the Guru Granth Sahib. Salvation is seen as liberation from the cycle of birth and death and achieving unity with the Divine.
Sikhism strongly emphasizes living a morally upright life, selfless service, and devotion to the Divine. The focus is on personal transformation, ethical conduct, and recognizing the Divine presence within oneself and all creation. While Sikhism acknowledges the existence of the afterlife and speaks of spiritual realms, its primary emphasis is on the present moment and realizing the Divine within oneself in this life.
Q 5. What is the perspective of Sikh Doctrines on life, soul, death, afterlife, reincarnation, karam and nadir?
Ans: Sikhism, founded by Guru Nanak Dev Ji in the 15th century, has its unique perspective on life, soul, death, the afterlife, reincarnation, karma, and nadir. Sikh doctrines emphasize the importance of living a righteous and meaningful life to achieve spiritual liberation. Here's an overview of Sikh beliefs on these topics:
1. Life and Soul: In Sikhism, life is considered a precious gift from the Divine, and every individual is believed to possess a divine spark or soul (Atma). The purpose of life is seen as realizing and merging with the ultimate reality, referred to as Waheguru or Ik Onkar.
2. Death: Death is seen as a natural part of the cycle of life, and Sikhs are encouraged to accept it as the will of the Divine. The soul is believed to separate from the physical body upon death and moves on to the next stage of existence.
3. Afterlife: Sikhs believe in an afterlife where the soul continues its journey. However, unlike other religious traditions, Sikhism does not have a detailed or specific description of heaven or hell. The focus is more on the spiritual progression and union with the Divine.
4. Reincarnation: Sikhism acknowledges the idea of reincarnation, known as "Punarjanam." The soul is believed to be reborn into various life forms based on its actions and karma. The cycle of birth and death continues until the soul achieves liberation and merges with Waheguru.
5. Karma: Karma holds great significance in Sikh teachings. Sikhism emphasizes that individuals are responsible for their actions and that their deeds shape their present and future lives. Good actions (positive karma) lead to spiritual growth, while negative actions (negative karma) hinder spiritual progress.
6. Nadir: "Nadir" is not a term commonly associated with Sikhism. If you meant "Hukam" instead, it refers to the Divine Order or Will. Sikhs believe in surrendering to the Hukam of the Divine and accepting whatever circumstances or situations arise as part of God's plan. It encourages individuals to live harmoniously with the Divine Will rather than resist it.
Overall, Sikh doctrines emphasize living a righteous life, selfless service (Seva), remembrance of God (Simran), and meditating on the Divine Name (Naam Japna) as the means to attain spiritual enlightenment and liberation from the cycle of birth and death.
Q 6. What are miracles? Do these occur? What is the Sikh perspective on this issue?
Ans: Miracles are extraordinary events or phenomena believed to be caused by divine intervention or supernatural forces. They are often considered beyond the laws of nature and cannot be explained by ordinary scientific or rational means. Different religious and spiritual traditions have varying beliefs and interpretations regarding miracles. In Sikhism, miracles are not central to the faith and are generally not emphasized or sought after. The focus in Sikhism is more on living a righteous life and cultivating a personal relationship with the divine through meditation, selfless service, and devotion.
Sikhism teaches that the ultimate miracle is realizing the divine presence within oneself and recognizing the divine in all creation. The Sikh scripture, Guru Granth Sahib, emphasizes the importance of understanding the Universe's natural laws and encourages followers to live in harmony with these laws. Sikhs believe that miracles, while they may occur, should not be the primary focus of one's spiritual journey. Instead of seeking external miracles, Sikhs are encouraged to cultivate spiritual qualities such as humility, compassion, self-discipline, and contentment. The emphasis is on the daily practice of meditation, recitation of hymns, and leading a virtuous life. Sikhism promotes the idea that individuals can attain a deeper understanding of the divine through personal effort and devotion and experience spiritual transformation.
While Sikhs may acknowledge the occurrence of miracles, they are not considered the ultimate goal or measure of one's spiritual progress. The focus in Sikhism is on living a righteous and fulfilling life through the practice of the teachings of the Gurus rather than seeking or relying on extraordinary events.
Q 7. As per the Sikh doctrines, what is the meaning or purpose of our presence in this Universe?
Ans. The Sikh doctrines state that the purpose of our presence in the Universe is to attain spiritual growth, self-realization, and union with the Divine. Sikhs believe in living a virtuous life, practicing self-discipline, serving others, and aligning with the teachings of the Gurus to achieve spiritual liberation. The concept of "Hukam," or divine order, guides Sikhs in finding meaning and fulfillment by accepting and living in harmony with the will of the Supreme Being.
Q 8. Some scholars emphasize that Sikh philosophy depicts a way of life, not a religion. What is your opinion about it?
Ans. The assertion that Sikh philosophy depicts a way of life rather than a religion is a viewpoint some scholars and individuals hold. It is important to note that the interpretation and understanding of Sikhism can vary among different scholars, practitioners, and schools of thought. Sikhism encompasses elements of both a spiritual path and a religious tradition. While it is considered a distinct religion with unique beliefs, practices, and scriptures, Sikhism also emphasizes the practical application of its teachings in daily life. Sikh philosophy promotes equality, selfless service, justice, and devotion to the Divine. It encourages individuals to lead righteous and compassionate life, practicing humility, honesty, and love for all humanity. The teachings of the Sikh Gurus emphasize the importance of integrating spiritual values into one's actions and relationships.
In this sense, Sikhism can be viewed as a way of life that guides individuals in their moral, ethical, and spiritual conduct. It provides a framework for living a meaningful and purposeful life, engaging in selfless service, and seeking union with the Divine. However, it is also recognized as a religion with its own distinct religious practices, rituals, and institutions. Sikhism has a rich history, a sacred scripture (Guru Granth Sahib), and a community of followers participating in religious ceremonies and observing specific religious traditions.
Whether Sikhism is understood primarily as a way of life or religion depends on individual perspectives, cultural contexts, and scholarly interpretations. It is a multifaceted tradition that encompasses spiritual, moral, social, and religious aspects, and different individuals may emphasize various elements based on their understanding and experiences. My personal opinion is that Sikhism is one of the most comprehensive religions in the world.
Q 9. What is the relevance of Gurmukh (as envisioned by Sikh Gurus in Sri Guru Granth Sahib) in the modern context?
Ans. The concept of Gurmukh, as envisioned by the Sikh Gurus in the Sri Guru Granth Sahib, remains relevant in the modern context. It provides spiritual guidance, encourages ethical living, promotes inner transformation, inspires social engagement, and has universal relevance in fostering unity and mutual respect among diverse communities. Being a Gurmukh helps individuals prioritize spirituality, adhere to moral principles, seek inner peace, serve others, and live meaningful lives.
Q 10. What is Sikh Gurus' Educational Philosophy, and what are its sources?
Ans. The Sikh Gurus' educational philosophy is rooted in their teachings and writings, primarily found in the Sikh scripture called the Guru Granth Sahib. The Gurus emphasized the importance of education and the pursuit of knowledge as a means of spiritual growth and holistic development. Here are some critical aspects of the Sikh Gurus' educational philosophy:
1. Equality and Inclusivity: The Gurus advocated for equal access to education for all, regardless of caste, gender, or social status. They challenged the prevailing social hierarchies and discrimination, emphasizing that education should be available to everyone.
2. Divine Knowledge: The Gurus believed in pursuing divine knowledge, which they considered the ultimate purpose of education. They emphasized the importance of understanding and incorporating religious teachings into practical life.
3. Self-Realization and Transformation: The Gurus aimed to empower individuals to seek self-realization and spiritual growth through education. They encouraged individuals to cultivate virtues such as humility, compassion, and self-discipline to transcend the ego.
4. Integration of Knowledge and Action: The Sikh Gurus emphasized integrating knowledge with action. They encouraged individuals to apply the knowledge gained from education in practical life, serving society and promoting social justice.
5. Importance of Language and Scripture: The Gurus stressed the significance of language and the written word for education. They promoted using the Punjabi language as a medium of instruction, and they compiled hymns and teachings in the Guru Granth Sahib to guide spiritual and moral education.
The primary source for understanding the Sikh Gurus' educational philosophy is the Guru Granth Sahib. It contains the hymns and compositions of the Sikh Gurus and the teachings of saints and scholars from various religious backgrounds. The Guru Granth Sahib serves as the central sacred scripture and a source of guidance for Sikhs, providing insights into the Gurus' perspectives on education and spirituality.
Additionally, Sikh history and literature, including the writings of Sikh scholars and commentators, provide further insights into the educational philosophy of the Sikh Gurus. These sources help to interpret and understand the teachings and messages conveyed by the Gurus regarding education and learning.
Q 11. You have worked as an agriculture expert for more than three decades of your life. Please share some of your experiences/efforts to implement Sikh Gurus' philosophy at the various institutions you served during your long professional career.
Ans: The Sikh Gurus emphasized the importance of hard work, honesty, and service to humanity. They promoted the concept of "seva," which means selfless service to others. This principle can be applied in the agricultural sector by fostering a sense of responsibility toward the well-being of communities, promoting sustainable farming practices, and contributing to the welfare of society.
Additionally, the Sikh Gurus emphasized the values of equality, compassion, and sharing. These principles can be integrated into agricultural practices by promoting fair and equitable distribution of resources, advocating for the rights of farmers and agricultural laborers, and actively participating in initiatives that address food security, poverty, and social justice.
It is important to note that implementing the philosophy of the Sikh Gurus in any profession, including agriculture, requires individual effort, a deep understanding of the teachings, and a commitment to ethical conduct and social responsibility.
Q 12. Dr. D. S. Chahal's book "Nanakian Philosophy: Basics for Humanity" reports that "Sunn" is Guru Nanak's God. Do you agree with it or not, and why?
Ans: The concept of "Sunn" in Sikhism is often translated as "Ultimate Reality" or "Divine Essence." It is a term used to describe the formless, eternal, and all-pervading aspect of God in Sikh philosophy. Guru Nanak Dev, the founder of Sikhism, emphasized the idea of the "Sunn" as the transcendent and immanent reality that underlies the Universe. In his book "Nanakian Philosophy: Basics for Humanity," Dr. D. S. Chahal apparently asserts that "Sunn" is Guru Nanak's God. It is important to note that interpretations and understandings of religious texts and concepts can vary among scholars, practitioners, and different schools of thought within a religious tradition. Sikhism is a diverse and evolving tradition, and individuals may have different perspectives on theological matters.
Q 13. What are the barriers to the logical and rational interpretation of Gurbani compositions?
Ans: The interpretation of Gurbani compositions, the sacred scriptures of Sikhism, can sometimes present specific barriers to logical and rational understanding. Here are some of the critical factors that can contribute to these barriers:
1. Language and Cultural Context: Gurbani is primarily in Punjabi, with poetic and metaphorical language that may be difficult to translate and understand across cultures.
2. Symbolism and Metaphor: Gurbani uses symbolism and metaphor, leading to subjective interpretations and varying perspectives.
3. Personal Bias and Preconceptions: Individuals' biases and preconceptions can influence their interpretation of Gurbani.
4. Lack of Familiarity with Sikh Philosophy and History: Understanding Sikh philosophy and the historical context of Gurbani is essential for accurate interpretation.
5. Spirituality and Transcendental Nature: Gurbani aims to inspire spiritual growth and connection with the divine, sometimes beyond logical reasoning.
To overcome these barriers, a comprehensive study of Gurbani, including its philosophy and history, dialogue with scholars and personal reflection, can help develop a more nuanced understanding.
Q 14 Is faith in God justified?
Ans: Whether faith in God is justified is a profoundly personal and subjective question. Justification for faith varies from person to person and is influenced by various factors such as personal experiences, cultural background, upbringing, philosophical perspectives, and religious teachings. For many individuals, faith in God is justified by their personal experiences and the sense of meaning, purpose, and comfort it brings to their lives. They may believe in the existence of a higher power based on subjective feelings, answered prayers, or perceived miracles. Faith can also provide a moral framework, guidance, and a sense of community.
However, it's important to note that faith is inherently subjective and does not rely on empirical evidence or scientific proof. From a strictly rational or practical standpoint, faith in God may not be justified, as it is based on belief rather than verifiable evidence. Different individuals may have different interpretations of what constitutes evidence or justification, and these perspectives can vary widely.
It's also worth mentioning that various philosophical arguments and theological perspectives attempt to provide rational justifications for the existence of God, such as the cosmological argument, teleological argument, moral argument, and ontological argument. However, these arguments are subject to debate and critique within philosophical and theological circles.
Ultimately, whether faith in God is justified is profoundly personal, and individuals arrive at their own conclusions based on a combination of personal beliefs, experiences, and reasoning. It's essential to approach this question with an open mind and respect different perspectives.
Q. 15 Do scientists believe in God?
Ans: Scientists have a wide range of beliefs regarding the existence of God. As a methodological approach to understanding the natural world, science is based on empirical evidence and the application of reason and critical thinking. Therefore, scientists often approach questions about the existence of God or any supernatural entities from a scientific perspective. While some scientists identify as atheists and do not believe in the existence of God or any supernatural beings, others identify as theists and hold religious beliefs. Some scientists consider themselves agnostic, meaning they neither affirm nor deny the existence of God, recognizing that the question may be beyond the scope of scientific inquiry.
It's important to note that science and religion address different aspects of human experience. Science seeks to explain the natural world through observation, experimentation, and the formulation of testable theories, while religion often deals with questions of meaning, purpose, and transcendence.
Ultimately, an individual scientist's beliefs about God are personal and can vary widely. Like anyone else, scientists bring their worldviews, cultural background, and experiences to their interpretation of the world. The scientific community is diverse, encompassing individuals with various religious, spiritual, and philosophical perspectives.
Q16.What amazing revelations have you gleaned from Sri Guru Granth Sahib?
Ans. Yes. The Lord is One, the Creator, Sustainer, and Sustainer of the Universe. He is pervading the roots of the entire world. He is pure, formless, and immutable; therefore, He alone is Truth. He can do everything. He is omnipotent, without fear and anxiety. He is the source of love for all, so he distributes love, has no hostility to anyone, and protects all. He has created the sun, moon, and stars of the entire Universe and the time measured from them, and He is the form of timeless. All living beings remain in the cycle of birth and death according to his divine order, but he is free from the bonds of this cycle. He has appeared from Himself in His pleasure, and such a Lord can be attained only with the blessings of the Guru.
Q 17 Do Sikh doctrines drive towards the sustainability of living beings on the Earth?
Ans: Yes, Sikh doctrines promote the sustainability and welfare of all living beings on Earth. Sikhism strongly emphasizes the interconnectedness of all creation and the importance of living in harmony with nature. This belief is derived from the Sikh concept of "Ik Onkar," which means "One Divine Reality." Sikhs believe that the Divine exists in all things and that all life forms are interconnected and interdependent. Sikh teachings emphasize the concept of "Sarbat da Bhala," which translates to "well-being of all." This principle encourages Sikhs to actively work toward the welfare and sustainability of all living beings, including humans, animals, and the environment. Sikhs are encouraged to live a responsible and compassionate life, caring for the Earth and its resources.
Furthermore, Sikhism promotes the idea of "seva" (selfless service). Sikhs are encouraged to engage in acts of kindness and charity, including environmental initiatives to preserve and protect nature. It can range from participating in community clean-up drives to promoting sustainable practices and conservation efforts.
Overall, Sikh doctrines emphasize the value of sustainability and the well-being of all living beings on Earth, and Sikhs are encouraged to actively contribute towards achieving this goal.
Q 18 Some people proclaim that Sikh Gurus borrowed most of their ideas from Vedas and did not preach anything new. What is your opinion about it?
Ans: The Sikh Gurus, who founded the Sikh faith in the 15th to 18th centuries, emphasized the importance of a direct connection with God, rejected caste-based discrimination, and promoted equality among all individuals. While the Sikh Gurus drew inspiration from various spiritual and philosophical traditions, including elements from Hinduism and Islam, they also introduced unique teachings and practices that distinguish Sikhism as a separate religious path. While it is true that the Sikh Gurus were familiar with Vedic literature and engaged in discussions with scholars of different faiths, they did not merely reiterate Vedic ideas. Sikhism introduced several distinctive principles and practices. The foundational principles of Sikhism are enshrined in the Guru Granth Sahib, the central religious scripture of Sikhism. The teachings of the Sikh Gurus emphasize concepts such as the oneness of God, the importance of selfless service, equality among all human beings, and the pursuit of spiritual liberation.
It is worth noting that the Sikh Gurus sought to reform and uplift society, addressing their time's prevailing social, political, and religious issues. They advocated for social equality, challenged the caste system, condemned ritualism, and emphasized the importance of living a moral and righteous life. These aspects, among others, contribute to the distinctiveness of Sikh teachings.
While there may be some similarities or shared philosophical ideas with Vedic literature, Sikhism encompasses its own unique worldview and teachings. It is recognized as a distinct religious tradition with its own scripture, ethical code, and practices.
Q 19. As "Shashtar Mala" bani is attributed to Guru Gobind Singh, do you believe Guru Gobind Singh was a worshipper of Shastras?
Ans: Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru, was not a worshiper of shastras (Hindu scriptures) in the conventional sense. Sikhism, founded by Guru Nanak Dev and developed by subsequent Gurus, emphasizes a distinct spiritual path that incorporates elements from various religious traditions but diverges from them in significant ways. Guru Gobind Singh was a proponent of the Guru Granth Sahib, the central sacred scripture of Sikhism, which comprises the teachings of the Sikh Gurus and writings from other saints and poets. The Guru Granth Sahib is considered the eternal Guru of the Sikhs.
The text "Shashtar Mala" is attributed to Guru Gobind Singh and is a collection of martial hymns and teachings about using weapons for self-defense and protecting the oppressed. These hymns reflect the historical context in which Sikhism emerged when the community faced persecution and needed to defend themselves against external threats. However, it is essential to note that the concept of shastra (weapons) in Sikhism is not purely about violence or aggression but rather about self-defense and upholding justice. While Guru Gobind Singh acknowledged the importance of physical defense, he also emphasized the importance of spirituality, moral values, and the pursuit of a righteous life. Sikhism promotes a holistic approach to life that combines spiritual practices, social responsibility, and a commitment to equality and justice.
In summary, Guru Gobind Singh was not a worshiper of shastras in the traditional sense. Still, he did emphasize the importance of self-defense and using weapons in specific contexts. Sikhism encourages a balanced and spiritually grounded approach to life, focusing on the teachings of the Guru Granth Sahib.
Q 20. Why do Sikh doctrines and Sikh practices appear to be at loggerheads during contemporary times?
Ans: In contemporary times, there may be instances where Sikh doctrines and Sikh practices appear to be at loggerheads due to various factors. One reason is the evolving social and cultural contexts where Sikhs find themselves. As Sikhism originated in the 15th century, some traditional practices and interpretations of doctrines may clash with modern sensibilities and changing societal norms.
Additionally, there can be differences in understanding and interpretations of Sikh doctrines among different individuals or sects within the Sikh community. These varying perspectives can lead to disagreements and conflicts regarding the appropriate practices and rituals to follow.
Furthermore, external influences and pressures, such as globalization and the effect of Western culture, can also create tensions between traditional Sikh doctrines and contemporary practices. The challenges of balancing adherence to core principles while adapting to the demands of a rapidly changing world can result in apparent contradictions.
Overall, the apparent clashes between Sikh doctrines and practices in contemporary times can be attributed to various factors, including social changes, differing interpretations, and the need to navigate between tradition and modernity. It is important to note that Sikhism, like any other religion, is a dynamic and evolving faith, and these tensions are part of the ongoing process of interpretation and adaptation.
Q 21. Based on Sikh Doctrines, what can be done to stop humans from fighting each other for race, religion, caste color, or creed?
Ans: To stop humans from fighting each other based on race, religion, caste, color, or creed according to Sikh doctrines:
1. Emphasize Equality: Treat all individuals with respect and fairness, seeing everyone as equal.
2. Promote Oneness of Humanity: Recognize the interconnectedness of all beings, transcending superficial differences.
3. Practice Service and Selflessness: Engage in selfless service, breaking down barriers and fostering unity.
4. Encourage Dialogue and Understanding: Facilitate open and respectful communication to bridge gaps and reduce conflicts.
5. Advocate Education and Awareness: Promote knowledge, tolerance, and respect for different cultures and beliefs.
6. Reject Discrimination: Oppose all forms of discrimination and actively challenge injustice.
7. Cultivate Meditation and Mindfulness: Develop inner peace, compassion, and self-control to manage biases and contribute to harmony.
These principles rely on individuals embracing and living according to these teachings.
Q 22. What is the Sikh Gurus' perspective on religious and spiritual experiences?
Ans: The Sikh Gurus emphasized the importance of religious and spiritual experiences to connect with the divine. They believed that through devotion, meditation, and selfless service, individuals could attain a direct and personal experience of God's presence. The Gurus encouraged their followers to cultivate a deep and intimate relationship with the divine and to strive for spiritual enlightenment through disciplined practice and righteous living.
Q 23. Can you share any of your unique religious and spiritual experiences?
Ans: I can't share my spiritual experiences with anybody because my experiences are like my ATM Card Pin. Sorry, I could not share my pin with anybody.
Q 24. Sikh doctrines are 550 years old; do we need them in the twenty-first century
Ans: Sikh doctrines are indeed rooted in the teachings of Guru Nanak Dev Ji, who lived in the 15th and 16th centuries, making them approximately 550 years old. However, the age of a belief system does not necessarily determine its relevance or value in the present day. The teachings of Sikhism, like those of other major religions, contain principles and values that can still provide guidance and inspiration in the 21st century.
Sikhism promotes core principles such as equality, social justice, selfless service, and spiritual growth. These teachings emphasize the importance of living a moral and righteous life, treating all individuals with respect and dignity, and contributing positively to society. Such values are timeless and can serve as a foundation for fostering harmony, compassion, and understanding in today's world. Furthermore, Sikhism emphasizes the concept of Ik Onkar, the belief in one divine presence, and encourages individuals to connect with the divine through meditation and self-reflection. In an era marked by technological advancements and a fast-paced lifestyle, these spiritual teachings can offer solace, inner peace, and a sense of purpose to individuals seeking a deeper understanding of themselves and their place in the world.
It is essential to recognize that different individuals find meaning and purpose in various religious and spiritual traditions. Sikh doctrines, while originating centuries ago, continue to provide guidance, moral values, and a sense of identity for millions of Sikhs worldwide. As long as they promote harmony, respect, and compassion, these teachings can contribute positively to the complex challenges and opportunities of the 21st century.
25 Q. How can you analyze Guru Granth Sahib and his Scientific approach in the present context?
Ans: Sri Guru Granth Sahib is an incredible treasure whose contemplation is the pioneer of scientific tradition. Many years have passed since the cosmic expansion of light. Modern science has not been able to make a final decision about how expansion began. But according to the accepted theory, the Universe was created from the explosion of a super-element, which was extremely heavy. After billions and billions of years of cosmic expansion, the process of shrinking starts again, and the entire expanse is absorbed into the great element itself.
In Sri Guru Granth Sahib, there are many supernatural facts about the beginning, age, and expansion of cosmic space, which not only meet the concept of modern science but could have been a path-shower for this. Many parts of the modern scientific perspective can be easily found in Sri Guru Granth Sahib. Guru Nanak Dev Ji's verses are based on excellent scientific arguments. Self-contemplation in Japji Sahib, Asa Di War, Sidh Gosti, and Maru Bani reveals the hidden secrets of nature. These distinctions and the facts based on them were beyond the imagination of modern science until the eighteenth century. In Japji, Guru Sahib refutes the prevalent mythic ideology about the Earth through his scientific arguments.
Dr. Singh: Thank you, Dr. Sarna, for sparing your valuable time for this interaction. It was wonderful meeting you and listening to your views on various aspects of Sikh doctrines, Sikh history, and Sikh philosophy.
Dr. Sarna: Thank you very much, Dr. Singh, for your intelligent and thought-provoking inquiry. I appreciate your input and efforts very much.
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