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Guru Granth Sahib
Composition, Arrangement & Layout
ਜਪੁ | Jup
ਸੋ ਦਰੁ | So Dar
ਸੋਹਿਲਾ | Sohilaa
ਰਾਗੁ ਸਿਰੀਰਾਗੁ | Raag Siree-Raag
Gurbani (14-53)
Ashtpadiyan (53-71)
Gurbani (71-74)
Pahre (74-78)
Chhant (78-81)
Vanjara (81-82)
Vaar Siri Raag (83-91)
Bhagat Bani (91-93)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਝ | Raag Maajh
Gurbani (94-109)
Ashtpadi (109)
Ashtpadiyan (110-129)
Ashtpadi (129-130)
Ashtpadiyan (130-133)
Bara Maha (133-136)
Din Raen (136-137)
Vaar Maajh Ki (137-150)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗਉੜੀ | Raag Gauree
Gurbani (151-185)
Quartets/Couplets (185-220)
Ashtpadiyan (220-234)
Karhalei (234-235)
Ashtpadiyan (235-242)
Chhant (242-249)
Baavan Akhari (250-262)
Sukhmani (262-296)
Thittee (296-300)
Gauree kii Vaar (300-323)
Gurbani (323-330)
Ashtpadiyan (330-340)
Baavan Akhari (340-343)
Thintteen (343-344)
Vaar Kabir (344-345)
Bhagat Bani (345-346)
ਰਾਗੁ ਆਸਾ | Raag Aasaa
Gurbani (347-348)
Chaupaday (348-364)
Panchpadde (364-365)
Kaafee (365-409)
Aasaavaree (409-411)
Ashtpadiyan (411-432)
Patee (432-435)
Chhant (435-462)
Vaar Aasaa (462-475)
Bhagat Bani (475-488)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗੂਜਰੀ | Raag Goojaree
Gurbani (489-503)
Ashtpadiyan (503-508)
Vaar Gujari (508-517)
Vaar Gujari (517-526)
ਰਾਗੁ ਦੇਵਗੰਧਾਰੀ | Raag Dayv-Gandhaaree
Gurbani (527-536)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਿਹਾਗੜਾ | Raag Bihaagraa
Gurbani (537-556)
Chhant (538-548)
Vaar Bihaagraa (548-556)
ਰਾਗੁ ਵਡਹੰਸ | Raag Wadhans
Gurbani (557-564)
Ashtpadiyan (564-565)
Chhant (565-575)
Ghoriaan (575-578)
Alaahaniiaa (578-582)
Vaar Wadhans (582-594)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸੋਰਠਿ | Raag Sorath
Gurbani (595-634)
Asatpadhiya (634-642)
Vaar Sorath (642-659)
ਰਾਗੁ ਧਨਾਸਰੀ | Raag Dhanasaree
Gurbani (660-685)
Astpadhiya (685-687)
Chhant (687-691)
Bhagat Bani (691-695)
ਰਾਗੁ ਜੈਤਸਰੀ | Raag Jaitsree
Gurbani (696-703)
Chhant (703-705)
Vaar Jaitsaree (705-710)
Bhagat Bani (710)
ਰਾਗੁ ਟੋਡੀ | Raag Todee
ਰਾਗੁ ਬੈਰਾੜੀ | Raag Bairaaree
ਰਾਗੁ ਤਿਲੰਗ | Raag Tilang
Gurbani (721-727)
Bhagat Bani (727)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸੂਹੀ | Raag Suhi
Gurbani (728-750)
Ashtpadiyan (750-761)
Kaafee (761-762)
Suchajee (762)
Gunvantee (763)
Chhant (763-785)
Vaar Soohee (785-792)
Bhagat Bani (792-794)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਿਲਾਵਲੁ | Raag Bilaaval
Gurbani (795-831)
Ashtpadiyan (831-838)
Thitteen (838-840)
Vaar Sat (841-843)
Chhant (843-848)
Vaar Bilaaval (849-855)
Bhagat Bani (855-858)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗੋਂਡ | Raag Gond
Gurbani (859-869)
Ashtpadiyan (869)
Bhagat Bani (870-875)
ਰਾਗੁ ਰਾਮਕਲੀ | Raag Ramkalee
Ashtpadiyan (902-916)
Gurbani (876-902)
Anand (917-922)
Sadd (923-924)
Chhant (924-929)
Dakhnee (929-938)
Sidh Gosat (938-946)
Vaar Ramkalee (947-968)
ਰਾਗੁ ਨਟ ਨਾਰਾਇਨ | Raag Nat Narayan
Gurbani (975-980)
Ashtpadiyan (980-983)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਲੀ ਗਉੜਾ | Raag Maalee Gauraa
Gurbani (984-988)
Bhagat Bani (988)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਰੂ | Raag Maaroo
Gurbani (889-1008)
Ashtpadiyan (1008-1014)
Kaafee (1014-1016)
Ashtpadiyan (1016-1019)
Anjulian (1019-1020)
Solhe (1020-1033)
Dakhni (1033-1043)
ਰਾਗੁ ਤੁਖਾਰੀ | Raag Tukhaari
Bara Maha (1107-1110)
Chhant (1110-1117)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕੇਦਾਰਾ | Raag Kedara
Gurbani (1118-1123)
Bhagat Bani (1123-1124)
ਰਾਗੁ ਭੈਰਉ | Raag Bhairo
Gurbani (1125-1152)
Partaal (1153)
Ashtpadiyan (1153-1167)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਸੰਤੁ | Raag Basant
Gurbani (1168-1187)
Ashtpadiyan (1187-1193)
Vaar Basant (1193-1196)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸਾਰਗ | Raag Saarag
Gurbani (1197-1200)
Partaal (1200-1231)
Ashtpadiyan (1232-1236)
Chhant (1236-1237)
Vaar Saarang (1237-1253)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਲਾਰ | Raag Malaar
Gurbani (1254-1293)
Partaal (1265-1273)
Ashtpadiyan (1273-1278)
Chhant (1278)
Vaar Malaar (1278-91)
Bhagat Bani (1292-93)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕਾਨੜਾ | Raag Kaanraa
Gurbani (1294-96)
Partaal (1296-1318)
Ashtpadiyan (1308-1312)
Chhant (1312)
Vaar Kaanraa
Bhagat Bani (1318)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕਲਿਆਨ | Raag Kalyaan
Gurbani (1319-23)
Ashtpadiyan (1323-26)
ਰਾਗੁ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਤੀ | Raag Prabhaatee
Gurbani (1327-1341)
Ashtpadiyan (1342-51)
ਰਾਗੁ ਜੈਜਾਵੰਤੀ | Raag Jaijaiwanti
Gurbani (1352-53)
Salok | Gatha | Phunahe | Chaubole | Swayiye
Sehskritee Mahala 1
Sehskritee Mahala 5
Gaathaa Mahala 5
Phunhay Mahala 5
Chaubolae Mahala 5
Shaloks Bhagat Kabir
Shaloks Sheikh Farid
Swaiyyae Mahala 5
Swaiyyae in Praise of Gurus
Shaloks in Addition To Vaars
Shalok Ninth Mehl
Mundavanee Mehl 5
ਰਾਗ ਮਾਲਾ, Raag Maalaa
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Punjabi ਭਾਰਤ-ਚੀਨ ਵਿਚਾਲੇ ਬਦਲੇ ਸਬੰਧਾਂ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਭਾਰਤ ਦੀ ਸੰਭਾਵੀ ਭਵਿਖ ਨੀਤੀ
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<blockquote data-quote="dalvinder45" data-source="post: 225067" data-attributes="member: 26009"><p style="text-align: center"><strong>Maldives President Muizhu's visit to China - an analysis</strong></p><p> Colonel Dr. Dalvinder Singh Grewal,</p><p> Professor Emeritus, Desbhagat University</p><p></p><p>Muizhu, who arrived on January 8,2024 on a five-day state visit to China, held talks with Chinese Premier Li Qiang on Thursday and discussed the implementation of various projects committed to implementation by China. He also met Chairman of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress Zhao Leji.</p><p></p><p>From a geographical point of view, the Maldives and India are the closest countries in the Indian Ocean hence are of great importance to both countries. It is even more important to create a new threat to India's security from a strategic point of view by creating close relations with China. Apart from this, the talks and treaties between Maldives and China are also of great concern for India as it may have security concerns for India.</p><p>[ATTACH=full]22241[/ATTACH]</p><p style="text-align: center"><strong>Image: Chinese President Xi Jinping and Maldives President Mohamed Muizhu attend a welcoming ceremony at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on January 10, 2024. Photo: CNS Photo via Reuters</strong></p><p>"Both sides agree to continue to strongly support each other in safeguarding each other's core interests," said a joint statement issued at the end of Muizu's talks with top Chinese leaders. China said it "strongly opposes external interference" in the internal affairs of the Maldives and supports the island nation to uphold its sovereignty and independence.</p><p></p><p>According to the joint statement, Muizhu Xi Jinping's principles, the Global Security Initiative (GSI), which includes the Global Development Initiative (GDI), the Global Civilization Initiative (GCI) and the Belt and Road Initiative ( Apart from BRI (I) agreed to support common security. The statement said: Both sides agree to explore ways to implement the GSI and jointly contribute to regional and global stability, conventional and non-conventional security challenges, promote the development of bilateral relations and contribute to peace and agree to face major challenges together.</p><p></p><p>The Maldives intends to join the Group of Friends of the GDI and work with other parties to promote practical cooperation in the areas identified by the GDI, in order to accelerate the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development coordination system can be created.</p><p></p><p>For its part, the Maldives said in the joint statement that it is firmly committed to the 'one-China principle', recognizing that there is one China in the world, the only one fully representing the government of the People's Republic of China. There is a legal government of China, and Taiwan is an integral part of China's territory.</p><p></p><p>Chinese analysts say that the strategically large archipelago of Maldives is important to China's growing influence in the Indian Ocean region. "Although the Maldives is a small country in terms of land area and population, it has very high strategic importance in terms of geopolitics," said Zhao Gancheng, a research fellow at the Shanghai Institute for International Studies.</p><p></p><p>According to the Global Times report, "The Indian Ocean is far away from us, but it is very important to our country's economic and energy security as well as to the One Belt One Road (BRI), so China needs to expand its presence in the region." One needs to do one's best to make friends," Zhao told state media.</p><p></p><p>The joint statement said, 'Maldives highly appreciates the vision of building a community with the principles of promoting a common future for humanity, BRI, goodwill, integrity, mutual benefit and inclusion with neighbouring countries.'</p><p></p><p>The significance of China's One Belt One Road is a new way of colonialism through commercialization, which India has rejected from the beginning. To curb China’s influence, the United States has signed a new One Belt One Road agreement with India, Saudi Arabia and the UAE which is about to be effected soon.</p><p></p><p>The joint statement comes at a time when Maldives, led by Muizu, who is considered a pro-China leader, is embroiled in a diplomatic spat with India over insulting statements made by three Maldivian ministers against Prime Minister Narendra Modi, which led to the spate of cancellation of reservations of Indian tourists to Maldives. Muizu suspended the ministers with a warning not to make such comments.</p><p></p><p>Muizu’s visit to China has also been affected by the release of a report by the European Election Observation Mission to the Maldives, which said that the ruling coalition of the Progressive Party of Maldives and the People's National Congress fuelled anti-India sentiments and rigged the 2023 presidential election. Muizu won the elections by spreading misinformation.</p><p></p><p>Observers say the fallout from Muizu's high-profile trip to China will play out in the coming weeks and months. Will Maldives allow Chinese spy vessels to dock at its ports? Due to India's security concerns, Sri Lanka recently banned docking of Chinese spy vessels from its ports.</p><p></p><p>Joint statement stated that the Maldives opposes 'any statement or action that undermines China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, opposes all separatist activities of Taiwan independence', and opposes any official relations with Taiwan.</p><p></p><p>It said, 'Maldives opposes external interference in China's internal affairs under any pretext and supports all efforts made by China for national reunification.</p><p></p><p>After talks between Muizhu and Chinese President Xi Jinping, China and the Maldives signed 20 agreements. The two countries signed the Action Plan for the Construction of China-Maldives Comprehensive Strategic Cooperative Partnership (2024-2028) and the Belt and Road Initiative, Economic and Technological, Blue Economy, Digital Economy, Green Development, Construction, and for People's Livelihood signed documents on cooperation in areas like food aid, infrastructure.</p><p></p><p>The joint statement said that the two sides will actively promote economic and trade cooperation, make full use of the mechanism of the China-Maldives Joint Committee on Economic and Trade Cooperation, enhance trade facilitation and economic and trade cooperation between the two countries and will promote high-quality of development.</p><p></p><p>It said that both sides are satisfied with the results of President Muizhu's visit to China and agree that the visit is very important for advancing China-Maldives comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership. Since the establishment of diplomatic relations 52 years ago, the two countries have always respected and supported each other.</p><p></p><p>The agreements also include cooperation in tourism to increase Chinese tourists to the island nation. China is currently the third largest tourist destination in Maldives with India leading with 3 lakh tourists , followed by Russia with over two lakh visitors last year.</p><p></p><p>President Muizhu praised the warm hospitality of President Xi Jinping, the Chinese government and the Chinese people, and invited Chinese leaders to visit the Maldives at a mutually convenient time.</p><p></p><p>Maldivian President Mohamed Muizzu said after his visit to China "We may be small, but that doesn't give you the license to bully us," Mohamed Muizzu said at a press conference on Saturday, January 13. Next day on Sunday he asked India to withdraw its military personnel from his country by March 15 even as the two sides deliberated on finding a "mutually workable solution" to enable continued operation of the Indian military platforms in the island nation.</p><p></p><p>Only time will tell how Maldives-Chinese agreements work and their further effects on India and Maldives relations. To my view Maldives has been softly caught in a net by China which may cause complication for Maldives in view its strategic significance for India due to tis close proximity. Muizzu’s India bashing must be taken as a serious development in India-Maldives relations hence must be dealt with seriously. Impact of Chinese use of smaller nation to its advantage also must be taken care of globally.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="dalvinder45, post: 225067, member: 26009"] [CENTER][B]Maldives President Muizhu's visit to China - an analysis[/B][/CENTER] Colonel Dr. Dalvinder Singh Grewal, Professor Emeritus, Desbhagat University Muizhu, who arrived on January 8,2024 on a five-day state visit to China, held talks with Chinese Premier Li Qiang on Thursday and discussed the implementation of various projects committed to implementation by China. He also met Chairman of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress Zhao Leji. From a geographical point of view, the Maldives and India are the closest countries in the Indian Ocean hence are of great importance to both countries. It is even more important to create a new threat to India's security from a strategic point of view by creating close relations with China. Apart from this, the talks and treaties between Maldives and China are also of great concern for India as it may have security concerns for India. [ATTACH type="full"]22241[/ATTACH] [CENTER][B]Image: Chinese President Xi Jinping and Maldives President Mohamed Muizhu attend a welcoming ceremony at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on January 10, 2024. Photo: CNS Photo via Reuters[/B][/CENTER] "Both sides agree to continue to strongly support each other in safeguarding each other's core interests," said a joint statement issued at the end of Muizu's talks with top Chinese leaders. China said it "strongly opposes external interference" in the internal affairs of the Maldives and supports the island nation to uphold its sovereignty and independence. According to the joint statement, Muizhu Xi Jinping's principles, the Global Security Initiative (GSI), which includes the Global Development Initiative (GDI), the Global Civilization Initiative (GCI) and the Belt and Road Initiative ( Apart from BRI (I) agreed to support common security. The statement said: Both sides agree to explore ways to implement the GSI and jointly contribute to regional and global stability, conventional and non-conventional security challenges, promote the development of bilateral relations and contribute to peace and agree to face major challenges together. The Maldives intends to join the Group of Friends of the GDI and work with other parties to promote practical cooperation in the areas identified by the GDI, in order to accelerate the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development coordination system can be created. For its part, the Maldives said in the joint statement that it is firmly committed to the 'one-China principle', recognizing that there is one China in the world, the only one fully representing the government of the People's Republic of China. There is a legal government of China, and Taiwan is an integral part of China's territory. Chinese analysts say that the strategically large archipelago of Maldives is important to China's growing influence in the Indian Ocean region. "Although the Maldives is a small country in terms of land area and population, it has very high strategic importance in terms of geopolitics," said Zhao Gancheng, a research fellow at the Shanghai Institute for International Studies. According to the Global Times report, "The Indian Ocean is far away from us, but it is very important to our country's economic and energy security as well as to the One Belt One Road (BRI), so China needs to expand its presence in the region." One needs to do one's best to make friends," Zhao told state media. The joint statement said, 'Maldives highly appreciates the vision of building a community with the principles of promoting a common future for humanity, BRI, goodwill, integrity, mutual benefit and inclusion with neighbouring countries.' The significance of China's One Belt One Road is a new way of colonialism through commercialization, which India has rejected from the beginning. To curb China’s influence, the United States has signed a new One Belt One Road agreement with India, Saudi Arabia and the UAE which is about to be effected soon. The joint statement comes at a time when Maldives, led by Muizu, who is considered a pro-China leader, is embroiled in a diplomatic spat with India over insulting statements made by three Maldivian ministers against Prime Minister Narendra Modi, which led to the spate of cancellation of reservations of Indian tourists to Maldives. Muizu suspended the ministers with a warning not to make such comments. Muizu’s visit to China has also been affected by the release of a report by the European Election Observation Mission to the Maldives, which said that the ruling coalition of the Progressive Party of Maldives and the People's National Congress fuelled anti-India sentiments and rigged the 2023 presidential election. Muizu won the elections by spreading misinformation. Observers say the fallout from Muizu's high-profile trip to China will play out in the coming weeks and months. Will Maldives allow Chinese spy vessels to dock at its ports? Due to India's security concerns, Sri Lanka recently banned docking of Chinese spy vessels from its ports. Joint statement stated that the Maldives opposes 'any statement or action that undermines China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, opposes all separatist activities of Taiwan independence', and opposes any official relations with Taiwan. It said, 'Maldives opposes external interference in China's internal affairs under any pretext and supports all efforts made by China for national reunification. After talks between Muizhu and Chinese President Xi Jinping, China and the Maldives signed 20 agreements. The two countries signed the Action Plan for the Construction of China-Maldives Comprehensive Strategic Cooperative Partnership (2024-2028) and the Belt and Road Initiative, Economic and Technological, Blue Economy, Digital Economy, Green Development, Construction, and for People's Livelihood signed documents on cooperation in areas like food aid, infrastructure. The joint statement said that the two sides will actively promote economic and trade cooperation, make full use of the mechanism of the China-Maldives Joint Committee on Economic and Trade Cooperation, enhance trade facilitation and economic and trade cooperation between the two countries and will promote high-quality of development. It said that both sides are satisfied with the results of President Muizhu's visit to China and agree that the visit is very important for advancing China-Maldives comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership. Since the establishment of diplomatic relations 52 years ago, the two countries have always respected and supported each other. The agreements also include cooperation in tourism to increase Chinese tourists to the island nation. China is currently the third largest tourist destination in Maldives with India leading with 3 lakh tourists , followed by Russia with over two lakh visitors last year. President Muizhu praised the warm hospitality of President Xi Jinping, the Chinese government and the Chinese people, and invited Chinese leaders to visit the Maldives at a mutually convenient time. Maldivian President Mohamed Muizzu said after his visit to China "We may be small, but that doesn't give you the license to bully us," Mohamed Muizzu said at a press conference on Saturday, January 13. Next day on Sunday he asked India to withdraw its military personnel from his country by March 15 even as the two sides deliberated on finding a "mutually workable solution" to enable continued operation of the Indian military platforms in the island nation. Only time will tell how Maldives-Chinese agreements work and their further effects on India and Maldives relations. To my view Maldives has been softly caught in a net by China which may cause complication for Maldives in view its strategic significance for India due to tis close proximity. Muizzu’s India bashing must be taken as a serious development in India-Maldives relations hence must be dealt with seriously. Impact of Chinese use of smaller nation to its advantage also must be taken care of globally. [/QUOTE]
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Punjabi ਭਾਰਤ-ਚੀਨ ਵਿਚਾਲੇ ਬਦਲੇ ਸਬੰਧਾਂ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਭਾਰਤ ਦੀ ਸੰਭਾਵੀ ਭਵਿਖ ਨੀਤੀ
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