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Guru Granth Sahib
Composition, Arrangement & Layout
ਜਪੁ | Jup
ਸੋ ਦਰੁ | So Dar
ਸੋਹਿਲਾ | Sohilaa
ਰਾਗੁ ਸਿਰੀਰਾਗੁ | Raag Siree-Raag
Gurbani (14-53)
Ashtpadiyan (53-71)
Gurbani (71-74)
Pahre (74-78)
Chhant (78-81)
Vanjara (81-82)
Vaar Siri Raag (83-91)
Bhagat Bani (91-93)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਝ | Raag Maajh
Gurbani (94-109)
Ashtpadi (109)
Ashtpadiyan (110-129)
Ashtpadi (129-130)
Ashtpadiyan (130-133)
Bara Maha (133-136)
Din Raen (136-137)
Vaar Maajh Ki (137-150)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗਉੜੀ | Raag Gauree
Gurbani (151-185)
Quartets/Couplets (185-220)
Ashtpadiyan (220-234)
Karhalei (234-235)
Ashtpadiyan (235-242)
Chhant (242-249)
Baavan Akhari (250-262)
Sukhmani (262-296)
Thittee (296-300)
Gauree kii Vaar (300-323)
Gurbani (323-330)
Ashtpadiyan (330-340)
Baavan Akhari (340-343)
Thintteen (343-344)
Vaar Kabir (344-345)
Bhagat Bani (345-346)
ਰਾਗੁ ਆਸਾ | Raag Aasaa
Gurbani (347-348)
Chaupaday (348-364)
Panchpadde (364-365)
Kaafee (365-409)
Aasaavaree (409-411)
Ashtpadiyan (411-432)
Patee (432-435)
Chhant (435-462)
Vaar Aasaa (462-475)
Bhagat Bani (475-488)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗੂਜਰੀ | Raag Goojaree
Gurbani (489-503)
Ashtpadiyan (503-508)
Vaar Gujari (508-517)
Vaar Gujari (517-526)
ਰਾਗੁ ਦੇਵਗੰਧਾਰੀ | Raag Dayv-Gandhaaree
Gurbani (527-536)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਿਹਾਗੜਾ | Raag Bihaagraa
Gurbani (537-556)
Chhant (538-548)
Vaar Bihaagraa (548-556)
ਰਾਗੁ ਵਡਹੰਸ | Raag Wadhans
Gurbani (557-564)
Ashtpadiyan (564-565)
Chhant (565-575)
Ghoriaan (575-578)
Alaahaniiaa (578-582)
Vaar Wadhans (582-594)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸੋਰਠਿ | Raag Sorath
Gurbani (595-634)
Asatpadhiya (634-642)
Vaar Sorath (642-659)
ਰਾਗੁ ਧਨਾਸਰੀ | Raag Dhanasaree
Gurbani (660-685)
Astpadhiya (685-687)
Chhant (687-691)
Bhagat Bani (691-695)
ਰਾਗੁ ਜੈਤਸਰੀ | Raag Jaitsree
Gurbani (696-703)
Chhant (703-705)
Vaar Jaitsaree (705-710)
Bhagat Bani (710)
ਰਾਗੁ ਟੋਡੀ | Raag Todee
ਰਾਗੁ ਬੈਰਾੜੀ | Raag Bairaaree
ਰਾਗੁ ਤਿਲੰਗ | Raag Tilang
Gurbani (721-727)
Bhagat Bani (727)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸੂਹੀ | Raag Suhi
Gurbani (728-750)
Ashtpadiyan (750-761)
Kaafee (761-762)
Suchajee (762)
Gunvantee (763)
Chhant (763-785)
Vaar Soohee (785-792)
Bhagat Bani (792-794)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਿਲਾਵਲੁ | Raag Bilaaval
Gurbani (795-831)
Ashtpadiyan (831-838)
Thitteen (838-840)
Vaar Sat (841-843)
Chhant (843-848)
Vaar Bilaaval (849-855)
Bhagat Bani (855-858)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗੋਂਡ | Raag Gond
Gurbani (859-869)
Ashtpadiyan (869)
Bhagat Bani (870-875)
ਰਾਗੁ ਰਾਮਕਲੀ | Raag Ramkalee
Ashtpadiyan (902-916)
Gurbani (876-902)
Anand (917-922)
Sadd (923-924)
Chhant (924-929)
Dakhnee (929-938)
Sidh Gosat (938-946)
Vaar Ramkalee (947-968)
ਰਾਗੁ ਨਟ ਨਾਰਾਇਨ | Raag Nat Narayan
Gurbani (975-980)
Ashtpadiyan (980-983)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਲੀ ਗਉੜਾ | Raag Maalee Gauraa
Gurbani (984-988)
Bhagat Bani (988)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਰੂ | Raag Maaroo
Gurbani (889-1008)
Ashtpadiyan (1008-1014)
Kaafee (1014-1016)
Ashtpadiyan (1016-1019)
Anjulian (1019-1020)
Solhe (1020-1033)
Dakhni (1033-1043)
ਰਾਗੁ ਤੁਖਾਰੀ | Raag Tukhaari
Bara Maha (1107-1110)
Chhant (1110-1117)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕੇਦਾਰਾ | Raag Kedara
Gurbani (1118-1123)
Bhagat Bani (1123-1124)
ਰਾਗੁ ਭੈਰਉ | Raag Bhairo
Gurbani (1125-1152)
Partaal (1153)
Ashtpadiyan (1153-1167)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਸੰਤੁ | Raag Basant
Gurbani (1168-1187)
Ashtpadiyan (1187-1193)
Vaar Basant (1193-1196)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸਾਰਗ | Raag Saarag
Gurbani (1197-1200)
Partaal (1200-1231)
Ashtpadiyan (1232-1236)
Chhant (1236-1237)
Vaar Saarang (1237-1253)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਲਾਰ | Raag Malaar
Gurbani (1254-1293)
Partaal (1265-1273)
Ashtpadiyan (1273-1278)
Chhant (1278)
Vaar Malaar (1278-91)
Bhagat Bani (1292-93)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕਾਨੜਾ | Raag Kaanraa
Gurbani (1294-96)
Partaal (1296-1318)
Ashtpadiyan (1308-1312)
Chhant (1312)
Vaar Kaanraa
Bhagat Bani (1318)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕਲਿਆਨ | Raag Kalyaan
Gurbani (1319-23)
Ashtpadiyan (1323-26)
ਰਾਗੁ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਤੀ | Raag Prabhaatee
Gurbani (1327-1341)
Ashtpadiyan (1342-51)
ਰਾਗੁ ਜੈਜਾਵੰਤੀ | Raag Jaijaiwanti
Gurbani (1352-53)
Salok | Gatha | Phunahe | Chaubole | Swayiye
Sehskritee Mahala 1
Sehskritee Mahala 5
Gaathaa Mahala 5
Phunhay Mahala 5
Chaubolae Mahala 5
Shaloks Bhagat Kabir
Shaloks Sheikh Farid
Swaiyyae Mahala 5
Swaiyyae in Praise of Gurus
Shaloks in Addition To Vaars
Shalok Ninth Mehl
Mundavanee Mehl 5
ਰਾਗ ਮਾਲਾ, Raag Maalaa
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Stephen Hawking: Colonize Space Or End The Human Race
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<blockquote data-quote="Ambarsaria" data-source="post: 159090" data-attributes="member: 14194"><p>Professor Stephen Hawking, one of the most famous theoretical physicists in the world, just celebrated his 70th birthday, despite suffering from Lou Gehrig's disease that has rendered him wheel chair bound and dependent on computers to communicate. </p><p></p><p><a href="http://us.lrd.yahoo.com/SIG=148ponnji/EXP=1327292075/**http%3A//www.cambridge-news.co.uk/Home/Hawking-We-must-colonise-space-or-risk-disaster-within-1000-years--06012012.htm" target="_blank">In a radio interview</a> marking his birthday, which covered a wide range of topics, Hawking repeated his oft stated assertion that humanity must colonize space in order to ensure its long term survival. </p><p></p><p> <strong>What sort of events could destroy the human race if it stays on one planet?</strong></p><p> </p><p> Hawking mentioned the possibility of nuclear war or climate change as being the cause of human extinction. <a href="http://us.lrd.yahoo.com/SIG=12ieiffnh/EXP=1327292075/**http%3A//news.discovery.com/human/human-extinction-doomsday.html" target="_blank">A recent article in Discovery magazine</a> also suggested that a global pandemic-possibly as the result of a bio-engineered disease-or an asteroid or comet strike could end the human race on Earth. <a href="http://us.lrd.yahoo.com/SIG=13hin3e5f/EXP=1327292075/**http%3A//www.newscientist.com/article/mg21328465.400-did-star-cluster-death-rays-zap-earth.html" target="_blank">The New Scientist chimed in</a> with the possibility of a gamma ray burst caused by the explosion of a nearby star zapping the Earth with lethal radiation. Even events that do not wipe out the human species-say a total economic collapse-could end civilization and cause the deaths of billions as modern infrastructure breaks down. </p><p></p><p> <strong>How would space colonies ensure the survival of the human race?</strong> </p><p> The late Arthur C. Clarke often said, <a href="http://us.lrd.yahoo.com/SIG=14tjg48lr/EXP=1327292075/**http%3A//www.nytimes.com/1999/10/26/science/conversation-with-arthur-c-clarke-author-s-space-odyssey-his-stay-chelsea.html%3Fpagewanted=all" target="_blank">as recently as a 1999 interview in the New York Times</a>, that it was dangerous for the human race to have all of its eggs in one basket, i.e. the Earth. The idea is that if human civilization were spread out to several worlds, starting with the moon and Mars, a calamity occurring at any one world would not result in the end of human civilization. </p><p></p><p><strong>Are there efforts to colonize space ongoing?</strong> </p><p> Despite the fact that there is a lot of talk about exploring and eventually settling space beyond low Earth orbit, the answer is sadly no at this time. The Constellation program, which was envisioned to eventually lead to lunar colonies, was cancelled by President Barack Obama. That does not mean there are not ideas floating around to settle other worlds. </p><p> The moon is an obvious venue for the first human settlement. <a href="http://us.lrd.yahoo.com/SIG=12cj3670s/EXP=1327292075/**http%3A//science.howstuffworks.com/what-if-moon-colony.htm" target="_blank">A Howstuffworks article</a> describes how a lunar settlement might be set up. The moon has water, in the form of ice at the bottom of permanently shaded craters at the poles, oxygen chemically bonded with lunar soil, and a variety of other resources necessary for human survival. </p><p></p><p> Other visionaries point to Mars. Robert Zubrin, in his book <a href="http://us.lrd.yahoo.com/SIG=14dk689kl/EXP=1327292075/**http%3A//www.amazon.com/Case-Mars-Plan-Settle-Planet/dp/145160811X/ref=sr_1_1%3Fs=books%26ie=UTF8%26qid=1326047597%26sr=1-1" target="_blank">"The Case for Mars,"</a> envisions the Red Planet as a second branch of human civilization. Eventually human settlers would use terraforming techniques to turn Mars into an analogue of Earth, with breathable air, running water, and an active biosphere where humans could walk around without need of space suits. </p><p></p><p> The late Dr. Gerard K. O'Neill suggested, in a book <a href="http://us.lrd.yahoo.com/SIG=14k89eblj/EXP=1327292075/**http%3A//www.amazon.com/High-Frontier-Human-Colonies-Apogee/dp/189652267X/ref=sr_1_1%3Fs=books%26ie=UTF8%26qid=1326047128%26sr=1-1" target="_blank">"The High Frontier,"</a> a more radical approach to colonizing space. Instead of going to another world, he envisioned humans-in effect-building their own worlds using extraterrestrial resources to build huge, rotating space colonies where people would live inside a rotating cylinder large enough to build small towns in. Such a colony was depicted in the science fiction TV series "Babylon Five." </p><p></p><p> <em>Mark R. Whittington is the author of</em> <a href="http://us.lrd.yahoo.com/SIG=14l73uo5j/EXP=1327292075/**http%3A//www.amazon.com/Children-of-Apollo-ebook/dp/B0011FCUSS/ref=sr_1_1_title_1_kin%3Fs=books%26ie=UTF8%26qid=1324904584%26sr=1-1" target="_blank"><em>Children of Apollo</em></a> <em>and</em> <em><a href="http://us.lrd.yahoo.com/SIG=14kpfm1go/EXP=1327292075/**http%3A//www.amazon.com/Last-Moonwalker-Other-Stories-ebook/dp/B002H9XSRY/ref=sr_1_1%3Fs=books%26ie=UTF8%26qid=1324904649%26sr=1-1" target="_blank">The Last Moonwalker</a></em> <em>. He has written on space subjects for a variety of periodicals, including The Houston Chronicle, The Washington Post, USA Today, the L.A. Times, and The Weekly Standard.</em></p><p></p><p>(<a href="http://news.yahoo.com/stephen-hawking-colonize-space-end-human-race-192615409.html" target="_blank">http://news.yahoo.com/stephen-hawking-colonize-space-end-human-race-192615409.html</a>)</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="Ambarsaria, post: 159090, member: 14194"] Professor Stephen Hawking, one of the most famous theoretical physicists in the world, just celebrated his 70th birthday, despite suffering from Lou Gehrig's disease that has rendered him wheel chair bound and dependent on computers to communicate. [URL="http://us.lrd.yahoo.com/SIG=148ponnji/EXP=1327292075/**http%3A//www.cambridge-news.co.uk/Home/Hawking-We-must-colonise-space-or-risk-disaster-within-1000-years--06012012.htm"]In a radio interview[/URL] marking his birthday, which covered a wide range of topics, Hawking repeated his oft stated assertion that humanity must colonize space in order to ensure its long term survival. [B]What sort of events could destroy the human race if it stays on one planet?[/B] Hawking mentioned the possibility of nuclear war or climate change as being the cause of human extinction. [URL="http://us.lrd.yahoo.com/SIG=12ieiffnh/EXP=1327292075/**http%3A//news.discovery.com/human/human-extinction-doomsday.html"]A recent article in Discovery magazine[/URL] also suggested that a global pandemic-possibly as the result of a bio-engineered disease-or an asteroid or comet strike could end the human race on Earth. [URL="http://us.lrd.yahoo.com/SIG=13hin3e5f/EXP=1327292075/**http%3A//www.newscientist.com/article/mg21328465.400-did-star-cluster-death-rays-zap-earth.html"]The New Scientist chimed in[/URL] with the possibility of a gamma ray burst caused by the explosion of a nearby star zapping the Earth with lethal radiation. Even events that do not wipe out the human species-say a total economic collapse-could end civilization and cause the deaths of billions as modern infrastructure breaks down. [B]How would space colonies ensure the survival of the human race?[/B] The late Arthur C. Clarke often said, [URL="http://us.lrd.yahoo.com/SIG=14tjg48lr/EXP=1327292075/**http%3A//www.nytimes.com/1999/10/26/science/conversation-with-arthur-c-clarke-author-s-space-odyssey-his-stay-chelsea.html%3Fpagewanted=all"]as recently as a 1999 interview in the New York Times[/URL], that it was dangerous for the human race to have all of its eggs in one basket, i.e. the Earth. The idea is that if human civilization were spread out to several worlds, starting with the moon and Mars, a calamity occurring at any one world would not result in the end of human civilization. [B]Are there efforts to colonize space ongoing?[/B] Despite the fact that there is a lot of talk about exploring and eventually settling space beyond low Earth orbit, the answer is sadly no at this time. The Constellation program, which was envisioned to eventually lead to lunar colonies, was cancelled by President Barack Obama. That does not mean there are not ideas floating around to settle other worlds. The moon is an obvious venue for the first human settlement. [URL="http://us.lrd.yahoo.com/SIG=12cj3670s/EXP=1327292075/**http%3A//science.howstuffworks.com/what-if-moon-colony.htm"]A Howstuffworks article[/URL] describes how a lunar settlement might be set up. The moon has water, in the form of ice at the bottom of permanently shaded craters at the poles, oxygen chemically bonded with lunar soil, and a variety of other resources necessary for human survival. Other visionaries point to Mars. Robert Zubrin, in his book [URL="http://us.lrd.yahoo.com/SIG=14dk689kl/EXP=1327292075/**http%3A//www.amazon.com/Case-Mars-Plan-Settle-Planet/dp/145160811X/ref=sr_1_1%3Fs=books%26ie=UTF8%26qid=1326047597%26sr=1-1"]"The Case for Mars,"[/URL] envisions the Red Planet as a second branch of human civilization. Eventually human settlers would use terraforming techniques to turn Mars into an analogue of Earth, with breathable air, running water, and an active biosphere where humans could walk around without need of space suits. The late Dr. Gerard K. O'Neill suggested, in a book [URL="http://us.lrd.yahoo.com/SIG=14k89eblj/EXP=1327292075/**http%3A//www.amazon.com/High-Frontier-Human-Colonies-Apogee/dp/189652267X/ref=sr_1_1%3Fs=books%26ie=UTF8%26qid=1326047128%26sr=1-1"]"The High Frontier,"[/URL] a more radical approach to colonizing space. Instead of going to another world, he envisioned humans-in effect-building their own worlds using extraterrestrial resources to build huge, rotating space colonies where people would live inside a rotating cylinder large enough to build small towns in. Such a colony was depicted in the science fiction TV series "Babylon Five." [I]Mark R. Whittington is the author of[/I] [URL="http://us.lrd.yahoo.com/SIG=14l73uo5j/EXP=1327292075/**http%3A//www.amazon.com/Children-of-Apollo-ebook/dp/B0011FCUSS/ref=sr_1_1_title_1_kin%3Fs=books%26ie=UTF8%26qid=1324904584%26sr=1-1"][I]Children of Apollo[/I][/URL] [I]and[/I] [I][URL="http://us.lrd.yahoo.com/SIG=14kpfm1go/EXP=1327292075/**http%3A//www.amazon.com/Last-Moonwalker-Other-Stories-ebook/dp/B002H9XSRY/ref=sr_1_1%3Fs=books%26ie=UTF8%26qid=1324904649%26sr=1-1"]The Last Moonwalker[/URL][/I] [I]. He has written on space subjects for a variety of periodicals, including The Houston Chronicle, The Washington Post, USA Today, the L.A. Times, and The Weekly Standard.[/I] ([URL]http://news.yahoo.com/stephen-hawking-colonize-space-end-human-race-192615409.html[/URL]) [/QUOTE]
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Stephen Hawking: Colonize Space Or End The Human Race
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