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Guru Granth Sahib
Composition, Arrangement & Layout
ਜਪੁ | Jup
ਸੋ ਦਰੁ | So Dar
ਸੋਹਿਲਾ | Sohilaa
ਰਾਗੁ ਸਿਰੀਰਾਗੁ | Raag Siree-Raag
Gurbani (14-53)
Ashtpadiyan (53-71)
Gurbani (71-74)
Pahre (74-78)
Chhant (78-81)
Vanjara (81-82)
Vaar Siri Raag (83-91)
Bhagat Bani (91-93)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਝ | Raag Maajh
Gurbani (94-109)
Ashtpadi (109)
Ashtpadiyan (110-129)
Ashtpadi (129-130)
Ashtpadiyan (130-133)
Bara Maha (133-136)
Din Raen (136-137)
Vaar Maajh Ki (137-150)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗਉੜੀ | Raag Gauree
Gurbani (151-185)
Quartets/Couplets (185-220)
Ashtpadiyan (220-234)
Karhalei (234-235)
Ashtpadiyan (235-242)
Chhant (242-249)
Baavan Akhari (250-262)
Sukhmani (262-296)
Thittee (296-300)
Gauree kii Vaar (300-323)
Gurbani (323-330)
Ashtpadiyan (330-340)
Baavan Akhari (340-343)
Thintteen (343-344)
Vaar Kabir (344-345)
Bhagat Bani (345-346)
ਰਾਗੁ ਆਸਾ | Raag Aasaa
Gurbani (347-348)
Chaupaday (348-364)
Panchpadde (364-365)
Kaafee (365-409)
Aasaavaree (409-411)
Ashtpadiyan (411-432)
Patee (432-435)
Chhant (435-462)
Vaar Aasaa (462-475)
Bhagat Bani (475-488)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗੂਜਰੀ | Raag Goojaree
Gurbani (489-503)
Ashtpadiyan (503-508)
Vaar Gujari (508-517)
Vaar Gujari (517-526)
ਰਾਗੁ ਦੇਵਗੰਧਾਰੀ | Raag Dayv-Gandhaaree
Gurbani (527-536)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਿਹਾਗੜਾ | Raag Bihaagraa
Gurbani (537-556)
Chhant (538-548)
Vaar Bihaagraa (548-556)
ਰਾਗੁ ਵਡਹੰਸ | Raag Wadhans
Gurbani (557-564)
Ashtpadiyan (564-565)
Chhant (565-575)
Ghoriaan (575-578)
Alaahaniiaa (578-582)
Vaar Wadhans (582-594)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸੋਰਠਿ | Raag Sorath
Gurbani (595-634)
Asatpadhiya (634-642)
Vaar Sorath (642-659)
ਰਾਗੁ ਧਨਾਸਰੀ | Raag Dhanasaree
Gurbani (660-685)
Astpadhiya (685-687)
Chhant (687-691)
Bhagat Bani (691-695)
ਰਾਗੁ ਜੈਤਸਰੀ | Raag Jaitsree
Gurbani (696-703)
Chhant (703-705)
Vaar Jaitsaree (705-710)
Bhagat Bani (710)
ਰਾਗੁ ਟੋਡੀ | Raag Todee
ਰਾਗੁ ਬੈਰਾੜੀ | Raag Bairaaree
ਰਾਗੁ ਤਿਲੰਗ | Raag Tilang
Gurbani (721-727)
Bhagat Bani (727)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸੂਹੀ | Raag Suhi
Gurbani (728-750)
Ashtpadiyan (750-761)
Kaafee (761-762)
Suchajee (762)
Gunvantee (763)
Chhant (763-785)
Vaar Soohee (785-792)
Bhagat Bani (792-794)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਿਲਾਵਲੁ | Raag Bilaaval
Gurbani (795-831)
Ashtpadiyan (831-838)
Thitteen (838-840)
Vaar Sat (841-843)
Chhant (843-848)
Vaar Bilaaval (849-855)
Bhagat Bani (855-858)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗੋਂਡ | Raag Gond
Gurbani (859-869)
Ashtpadiyan (869)
Bhagat Bani (870-875)
ਰਾਗੁ ਰਾਮਕਲੀ | Raag Ramkalee
Ashtpadiyan (902-916)
Gurbani (876-902)
Anand (917-922)
Sadd (923-924)
Chhant (924-929)
Dakhnee (929-938)
Sidh Gosat (938-946)
Vaar Ramkalee (947-968)
ਰਾਗੁ ਨਟ ਨਾਰਾਇਨ | Raag Nat Narayan
Gurbani (975-980)
Ashtpadiyan (980-983)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਲੀ ਗਉੜਾ | Raag Maalee Gauraa
Gurbani (984-988)
Bhagat Bani (988)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਰੂ | Raag Maaroo
Gurbani (889-1008)
Ashtpadiyan (1008-1014)
Kaafee (1014-1016)
Ashtpadiyan (1016-1019)
Anjulian (1019-1020)
Solhe (1020-1033)
Dakhni (1033-1043)
ਰਾਗੁ ਤੁਖਾਰੀ | Raag Tukhaari
Bara Maha (1107-1110)
Chhant (1110-1117)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕੇਦਾਰਾ | Raag Kedara
Gurbani (1118-1123)
Bhagat Bani (1123-1124)
ਰਾਗੁ ਭੈਰਉ | Raag Bhairo
Gurbani (1125-1152)
Partaal (1153)
Ashtpadiyan (1153-1167)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਸੰਤੁ | Raag Basant
Gurbani (1168-1187)
Ashtpadiyan (1187-1193)
Vaar Basant (1193-1196)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸਾਰਗ | Raag Saarag
Gurbani (1197-1200)
Partaal (1200-1231)
Ashtpadiyan (1232-1236)
Chhant (1236-1237)
Vaar Saarang (1237-1253)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਲਾਰ | Raag Malaar
Gurbani (1254-1293)
Partaal (1265-1273)
Ashtpadiyan (1273-1278)
Chhant (1278)
Vaar Malaar (1278-91)
Bhagat Bani (1292-93)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕਾਨੜਾ | Raag Kaanraa
Gurbani (1294-96)
Partaal (1296-1318)
Ashtpadiyan (1308-1312)
Chhant (1312)
Vaar Kaanraa
Bhagat Bani (1318)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕਲਿਆਨ | Raag Kalyaan
Gurbani (1319-23)
Ashtpadiyan (1323-26)
ਰਾਗੁ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਤੀ | Raag Prabhaatee
Gurbani (1327-1341)
Ashtpadiyan (1342-51)
ਰਾਗੁ ਜੈਜਾਵੰਤੀ | Raag Jaijaiwanti
Gurbani (1352-53)
Salok | Gatha | Phunahe | Chaubole | Swayiye
Sehskritee Mahala 1
Sehskritee Mahala 5
Gaathaa Mahala 5
Phunhay Mahala 5
Chaubolae Mahala 5
Shaloks Bhagat Kabir
Shaloks Sheikh Farid
Swaiyyae Mahala 5
Swaiyyae in Praise of Gurus
Shaloks in Addition To Vaars
Shalok Ninth Mehl
Mundavanee Mehl 5
ਰਾਗ ਮਾਲਾ, Raag Maalaa
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More Muslim, Christian, And Sikh Mothers Stop Breastfeeding Early: Study
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<blockquote data-quote="Admin" data-source="post: 117277" data-attributes="member: 1"><p><span style="font-family: 'verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px"><strong>By Kashif-ul-Huda, TwoCircles.net</strong></span></span></p><p> <span style="font-family: 'verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">The Holy Quran is clear that the duration of breastfeeding of infants are for a period of two years. World Health Organization (WHO) and Government of India’s guidelines also suggest breastfeeding for a period of two years. Breast milk is an excellent source of nutrition and essential for the healthy growth of the child.</span></span></p><p> <span style="font-family: 'verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">A latest study finds that a greater share of Muslim, Christian, and Sikh women breastfeed their young ones for less than two years. The study is done by Harvard School of Public Health of Boston, Massachusetts, USA and published in July 2008 issue of peer-reviewed journal Maternal & Child Nutrition.</span></span></p><p> <span style="font-family: 'verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">The Harvard research team of Rahul Malhotra, Amit Noheria, Omar Amir, Leland K. Ackerson, and S.V. Subramanian analyzed the data from Indian National Family Health Survey-2 (NFHS-2) conducted in 1998–1999. The study looked at factors associated with termination of breastfeeding within the first two years of life of infants. NFHS-2 provides health related data from 92,486 households from 26 states of India.</span></span></p><p> <span style="font-family: 'verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">A total of 33,026 children were in the dataset. 3.57% were never breastfed, though reasons were not given and complete information was missing for another 0.61%. Of the 31,645 children who were breastfed 6,974 or 22% of them had their breastfeeding terminated before they were 24 months of age.</span></span></p><p> <span style="font-family: 'verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">Data analysis revealed that religion was an important factor in the likelihood of stopping breastfeeding. This likelihood was significantly higher for Muslims, Sikhs and Christian. In terms of adjusted ratio Muslim mothers are 10% more than Hindu mothers in stopping breastfeeding before their children have reached the age of 24 months, while this ratio is much higher for Christians (34$) and Sikhs (33%). Researchers made a note that there is nothing in these religion that will explain early termination of breastfeeding therefore it has to be cultural factors and norms.</span></span></p><p> <span style="font-family: 'verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">Data also revealed that likelihood of stopping breastfeeding for SCs and STs were similar to general caste category but higher for the OBCs (13%).</span></span></p><p> <span style="font-family: 'verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">Since breastfeeding beyond the first 6 months is linked to the decrease in childhood mortality, and the study revealed that female children have a higher likelihood of early termination of breastfeeding, the researchers wondered whether this is a “contributing factor” to the low female-male ratio in India.</span></span></p><p> <span style="font-family: 'verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">Researchers also noted that “There was an increase in likelihood of stopping breastfeeding with an increase in maternal educational.” Observing that “increasing maternal education favours early termination of breastfeeding, but at the same time serves to reduce the gender differential in termination of</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">breastfeeding.”</span></span></p><p> <span style="font-family: 'verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">Researchers recommended focusing breastfeeding promotion programs on high-risk mothers- such as female infants and first-born babies as well as mothers with a higher wealth status, those aged less than 20 years and those who belong to Muslim, Sikh and Christian communities. Breastfeeding programmes should</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">lay more focus on urban areas and on maternity facilities in the private sector.”</span></span></p><p> <span style="font-family: 'verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px">Breastfeeding rate for India of all children till they reach the age of 24 years 63.14%. Bangladesh (89%) , Nepal (95% ) have better rate while Pakistan (55%) trails for the latest data available for these countries.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'verdana'"><span style="font-size: 10px"></span></span></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="Admin, post: 117277, member: 1"] [FONT=verdana][SIZE=2][B]By Kashif-ul-Huda, TwoCircles.net[/B] The Holy Quran is clear that the duration of breastfeeding of infants are for a period of two years. World Health Organization (WHO) and Government of India’s guidelines also suggest breastfeeding for a period of two years. Breast milk is an excellent source of nutrition and essential for the healthy growth of the child. A latest study finds that a greater share of Muslim, Christian, and Sikh women breastfeed their young ones for less than two years. The study is done by Harvard School of Public Health of Boston, Massachusetts, USA and published in July 2008 issue of peer-reviewed journal Maternal & Child Nutrition. The Harvard research team of Rahul Malhotra, Amit Noheria, Omar Amir, Leland K. Ackerson, and S.V. Subramanian analyzed the data from Indian National Family Health Survey-2 (NFHS-2) conducted in 1998–1999. The study looked at factors associated with termination of breastfeeding within the first two years of life of infants. NFHS-2 provides health related data from 92,486 households from 26 states of India. A total of 33,026 children were in the dataset. 3.57% were never breastfed, though reasons were not given and complete information was missing for another 0.61%. Of the 31,645 children who were breastfed 6,974 or 22% of them had their breastfeeding terminated before they were 24 months of age. Data analysis revealed that religion was an important factor in the likelihood of stopping breastfeeding. This likelihood was significantly higher for Muslims, Sikhs and Christian. In terms of adjusted ratio Muslim mothers are 10% more than Hindu mothers in stopping breastfeeding before their children have reached the age of 24 months, while this ratio is much higher for Christians (34$) and Sikhs (33%). Researchers made a note that there is nothing in these religion that will explain early termination of breastfeeding therefore it has to be cultural factors and norms. Data also revealed that likelihood of stopping breastfeeding for SCs and STs were similar to general caste category but higher for the OBCs (13%). Since breastfeeding beyond the first 6 months is linked to the decrease in childhood mortality, and the study revealed that female children have a higher likelihood of early termination of breastfeeding, the researchers wondered whether this is a “contributing factor” to the low female-male ratio in India. Researchers also noted that “There was an increase in likelihood of stopping breastfeeding with an increase in maternal educational.” Observing that “increasing maternal education favours early termination of breastfeeding, but at the same time serves to reduce the gender differential in termination of breastfeeding.” Researchers recommended focusing breastfeeding promotion programs on high-risk mothers- such as female infants and first-born babies as well as mothers with a higher wealth status, those aged less than 20 years and those who belong to Muslim, Sikh and Christian communities. Breastfeeding programmes should lay more focus on urban areas and on maternity facilities in the private sector.” Breastfeeding rate for India of all children till they reach the age of 24 years 63.14%. Bangladesh (89%) , Nepal (95% ) have better rate while Pakistan (55%) trails for the latest data available for these countries. [/SIZE][/FONT] [/QUOTE]
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