☀️ JOIN SPN MOBILE
Forums
New posts
Guru Granth Sahib
Composition, Arrangement & Layout
ਜਪੁ | Jup
ਸੋ ਦਰੁ | So Dar
ਸੋਹਿਲਾ | Sohilaa
ਰਾਗੁ ਸਿਰੀਰਾਗੁ | Raag Siree-Raag
Gurbani (14-53)
Ashtpadiyan (53-71)
Gurbani (71-74)
Pahre (74-78)
Chhant (78-81)
Vanjara (81-82)
Vaar Siri Raag (83-91)
Bhagat Bani (91-93)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਝ | Raag Maajh
Gurbani (94-109)
Ashtpadi (109)
Ashtpadiyan (110-129)
Ashtpadi (129-130)
Ashtpadiyan (130-133)
Bara Maha (133-136)
Din Raen (136-137)
Vaar Maajh Ki (137-150)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗਉੜੀ | Raag Gauree
Gurbani (151-185)
Quartets/Couplets (185-220)
Ashtpadiyan (220-234)
Karhalei (234-235)
Ashtpadiyan (235-242)
Chhant (242-249)
Baavan Akhari (250-262)
Sukhmani (262-296)
Thittee (296-300)
Gauree kii Vaar (300-323)
Gurbani (323-330)
Ashtpadiyan (330-340)
Baavan Akhari (340-343)
Thintteen (343-344)
Vaar Kabir (344-345)
Bhagat Bani (345-346)
ਰਾਗੁ ਆਸਾ | Raag Aasaa
Gurbani (347-348)
Chaupaday (348-364)
Panchpadde (364-365)
Kaafee (365-409)
Aasaavaree (409-411)
Ashtpadiyan (411-432)
Patee (432-435)
Chhant (435-462)
Vaar Aasaa (462-475)
Bhagat Bani (475-488)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗੂਜਰੀ | Raag Goojaree
Gurbani (489-503)
Ashtpadiyan (503-508)
Vaar Gujari (508-517)
Vaar Gujari (517-526)
ਰਾਗੁ ਦੇਵਗੰਧਾਰੀ | Raag Dayv-Gandhaaree
Gurbani (527-536)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਿਹਾਗੜਾ | Raag Bihaagraa
Gurbani (537-556)
Chhant (538-548)
Vaar Bihaagraa (548-556)
ਰਾਗੁ ਵਡਹੰਸ | Raag Wadhans
Gurbani (557-564)
Ashtpadiyan (564-565)
Chhant (565-575)
Ghoriaan (575-578)
Alaahaniiaa (578-582)
Vaar Wadhans (582-594)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸੋਰਠਿ | Raag Sorath
Gurbani (595-634)
Asatpadhiya (634-642)
Vaar Sorath (642-659)
ਰਾਗੁ ਧਨਾਸਰੀ | Raag Dhanasaree
Gurbani (660-685)
Astpadhiya (685-687)
Chhant (687-691)
Bhagat Bani (691-695)
ਰਾਗੁ ਜੈਤਸਰੀ | Raag Jaitsree
Gurbani (696-703)
Chhant (703-705)
Vaar Jaitsaree (705-710)
Bhagat Bani (710)
ਰਾਗੁ ਟੋਡੀ | Raag Todee
ਰਾਗੁ ਬੈਰਾੜੀ | Raag Bairaaree
ਰਾਗੁ ਤਿਲੰਗ | Raag Tilang
Gurbani (721-727)
Bhagat Bani (727)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸੂਹੀ | Raag Suhi
Gurbani (728-750)
Ashtpadiyan (750-761)
Kaafee (761-762)
Suchajee (762)
Gunvantee (763)
Chhant (763-785)
Vaar Soohee (785-792)
Bhagat Bani (792-794)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਿਲਾਵਲੁ | Raag Bilaaval
Gurbani (795-831)
Ashtpadiyan (831-838)
Thitteen (838-840)
Vaar Sat (841-843)
Chhant (843-848)
Vaar Bilaaval (849-855)
Bhagat Bani (855-858)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗੋਂਡ | Raag Gond
Gurbani (859-869)
Ashtpadiyan (869)
Bhagat Bani (870-875)
ਰਾਗੁ ਰਾਮਕਲੀ | Raag Ramkalee
Ashtpadiyan (902-916)
Gurbani (876-902)
Anand (917-922)
Sadd (923-924)
Chhant (924-929)
Dakhnee (929-938)
Sidh Gosat (938-946)
Vaar Ramkalee (947-968)
ਰਾਗੁ ਨਟ ਨਾਰਾਇਨ | Raag Nat Narayan
Gurbani (975-980)
Ashtpadiyan (980-983)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਲੀ ਗਉੜਾ | Raag Maalee Gauraa
Gurbani (984-988)
Bhagat Bani (988)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਰੂ | Raag Maaroo
Gurbani (889-1008)
Ashtpadiyan (1008-1014)
Kaafee (1014-1016)
Ashtpadiyan (1016-1019)
Anjulian (1019-1020)
Solhe (1020-1033)
Dakhni (1033-1043)
ਰਾਗੁ ਤੁਖਾਰੀ | Raag Tukhaari
Bara Maha (1107-1110)
Chhant (1110-1117)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕੇਦਾਰਾ | Raag Kedara
Gurbani (1118-1123)
Bhagat Bani (1123-1124)
ਰਾਗੁ ਭੈਰਉ | Raag Bhairo
Gurbani (1125-1152)
Partaal (1153)
Ashtpadiyan (1153-1167)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਸੰਤੁ | Raag Basant
Gurbani (1168-1187)
Ashtpadiyan (1187-1193)
Vaar Basant (1193-1196)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸਾਰਗ | Raag Saarag
Gurbani (1197-1200)
Partaal (1200-1231)
Ashtpadiyan (1232-1236)
Chhant (1236-1237)
Vaar Saarang (1237-1253)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਲਾਰ | Raag Malaar
Gurbani (1254-1293)
Partaal (1265-1273)
Ashtpadiyan (1273-1278)
Chhant (1278)
Vaar Malaar (1278-91)
Bhagat Bani (1292-93)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕਾਨੜਾ | Raag Kaanraa
Gurbani (1294-96)
Partaal (1296-1318)
Ashtpadiyan (1308-1312)
Chhant (1312)
Vaar Kaanraa
Bhagat Bani (1318)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕਲਿਆਨ | Raag Kalyaan
Gurbani (1319-23)
Ashtpadiyan (1323-26)
ਰਾਗੁ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਤੀ | Raag Prabhaatee
Gurbani (1327-1341)
Ashtpadiyan (1342-51)
ਰਾਗੁ ਜੈਜਾਵੰਤੀ | Raag Jaijaiwanti
Gurbani (1352-53)
Salok | Gatha | Phunahe | Chaubole | Swayiye
Sehskritee Mahala 1
Sehskritee Mahala 5
Gaathaa Mahala 5
Phunhay Mahala 5
Chaubolae Mahala 5
Shaloks Bhagat Kabir
Shaloks Sheikh Farid
Swaiyyae Mahala 5
Swaiyyae in Praise of Gurus
Shaloks in Addition To Vaars
Shalok Ninth Mehl
Mundavanee Mehl 5
ਰਾਗ ਮਾਲਾ, Raag Maalaa
What's new
New posts
New media
New media comments
New resources
Latest activity
Videos
New media
New comments
Library
Latest reviews
Donate
Log in
Register
What's new
New posts
Menu
Log in
Register
Install the app
Install
Welcome to all New Sikh Philosophy Network Forums!
Explore Sikh Sikhi Sikhism...
Sign up
Log in
Discussions
Hard Talk
Interviews
How Many Immigrants Do We Need?
JavaScript is disabled. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding.
You are using an out of date browser. It may not display this or other websites correctly.
You should upgrade or use an
alternative browser
.
Reply to thread
Message
<blockquote data-quote="Archived_Member16" data-source="post: 163660" data-attributes="member: 884"><p><span style="color: Navy"><strong><span style="font-size: 18px">How many immigrants do we need?</span></strong></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy"><em><strong>No economic rationale exists for the current target of about a quarter-million newcomers a year</strong></em></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy">By Herbert Grubel, Vancouver Sun - April 18, 2012</span></p><p><span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy">Immigration Minister Jason Kenney's recent efforts to reform Canada's immigrant selection policies will improve the efficiency of the system, will treat applicants more fairly and increase the economic prospects of immigrants. He deserves full credit for taking on policies that have been considered politically untouchable for decades.</span></p><p> <span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy">The changes reflect recommendations made by academics and independent researchers at the Fraser Institute, the C.D. Howe Institute and the Institute for Research on Public Policy. The ideological perspectives of these researchers cover the full spectrum. Their common aim is the desire to make immigration work more consistently in the interest of all Canadians.</span></p><p> <span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy"><strong>The minister's announced reforms will decrease the number of sponsored parents and grandparents; shorten the queue of applicants; speed up the settlement of refugee claims; reduce the number of fraudulent marriages and "pass-port" babies; and make foreign investors bring more money into Canada.</strong></span></p><p> <span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy">The most important proposed changes involve the criteria used in the selection of immigrants. They will reduce reliance on the present points system, which rewards academic qualifications, age and language proficiency and will instead put heavy weight on prearranged employment contracts, craft skills and work experience with Canadian employers.</span></p><p> <span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy">Experimentation with the new sys-tem has resulted in immigrants who had better economic success than those selected under the old system. This result is not surprising since employers are best able to judge whether immigrants are likely to be sufficiently productive, have the needed language skills and other characteristics necessary to earn the wages they are offered.</span></p><p> <span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy">The new selection system needs some administrative rules, which remain to be spelled out. One would set an accept-able wage level high enough to ensure that the immigrants pay sufficient taxes to cover the social benefits they are entitled to. For this purpose the minimum acceptable wage offered a prospective immigrant might be set at the wage earned by the average Canadian in the region of prospective employment.</span></p><p> <span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy">There is also the need to prevent fraudulent job offers to relatives and to immigrants who have bribed employers to offer them temporary high-paying jobs. This goal could be attained by requiring immigrants to file copies of their income tax returns to a special enforcement office in Ottawa, which would be authorized to revoke the permanent residence status of violators and deport them.</span></p><p> <span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy">However, the proposed reforms fail to address the most fundamental problem facing the current immigration policies. How many immigrants should Canada admit every year?</span></p><p> <span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy">No economic rationale exists for the current target of about a quarter-million immigrants a year, which as a per cent of the population is the highest of any country in the world. Politicians justify it with vague references to its influence on Canada's economic growth rate; the need to meet prospective labour and skills shortages; to finance social benefits for an aging population; to create a multicultural society; to help alleviate poverty abroad and others.</span></p><p> <span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy">None of these arguments are valid if immigration policies are aimed at maximizing the well-being of Canadians. Thus, immigrants add to aggregate national income, but if their personal incomes are below average, they impose a fiscal burden on taxpayers because of the country's progressive income taxes and the universality of benefits. Labour shortages can be aggravated since immigrants cause the construction of more housing, infra-structure and the need for more social and medical services. Actuaries have shown that immigrants cannot significantly reduce the unfunded liabilities of social programs since they too age and become entitled to benefits.</span></p><p> <span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy">Non-economic arguments involve value judgments impossible to measure and leave open important questions about the merit of alleviating poverty abroad rather than in Canada and about the benefits from multiculturalism relative to the risk of endangering traditional values, culture and social cohesion.</span></p><p> <span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy">Focusing on the economic issues alone, the problem of determining the optimum rate of immigration can and should be solved through the use of market signals provided through the use of prearranged employment con-tracts. This criterion should be applied to all applicants, who would be accompanied by their immediate family. It would also provide the added benefit of varying efficiently the number of immigrants with fluctuations in the demand for labour during business cycles.</span></p><p> <span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy">It is time for minister Kenney to adopt these immigrant selection policies, which he already has put into place on a limited basis. This policy will benefit greatly all Canadians, including recent immigrants. He and his staff do not have to fear running out of work. They will be left with important responsibilities to enforce the new rules, protect public health and security, take care of asylum seekers and for a long time deal fairly with the legacy of past policies.</span></p><p> <span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy"><em><strong>Herbert Grubel is professor emeritus of economics at Simon Fraser University.</strong></em></span></p><p> <span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p> <span style="color: Navy">Copyright (c) The Vancouver Sun</span></p><p><span style="color: Navy"><strong></strong></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy"><strong>source:</strong> <a href="http://www.{censored}/business/many+immigrants+need/6477095/story.html" target="_blank">http://www.{censored}/business/many+immigrants+need/6477095/story.html</a></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p><span style="color: Navy"></span></p><p> <span style="color: Navy"></span></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="Archived_Member16, post: 163660, member: 884"] [COLOR="Navy"][B][SIZE="5"]How many immigrants do we need?[/SIZE][/B] [I][B]No economic rationale exists for the current target of about a quarter-million newcomers a year[/B][/I] By Herbert Grubel, Vancouver Sun - April 18, 2012 Immigration Minister Jason Kenney's recent efforts to reform Canada's immigrant selection policies will improve the efficiency of the system, will treat applicants more fairly and increase the economic prospects of immigrants. He deserves full credit for taking on policies that have been considered politically untouchable for decades. The changes reflect recommendations made by academics and independent researchers at the Fraser Institute, the C.D. Howe Institute and the Institute for Research on Public Policy. The ideological perspectives of these researchers cover the full spectrum. Their common aim is the desire to make immigration work more consistently in the interest of all Canadians. [B]The minister's announced reforms will decrease the number of sponsored parents and grandparents; shorten the queue of applicants; speed up the settlement of refugee claims; reduce the number of fraudulent marriages and "pass-port" babies; and make foreign investors bring more money into Canada.[/B] The most important proposed changes involve the criteria used in the selection of immigrants. They will reduce reliance on the present points system, which rewards academic qualifications, age and language proficiency and will instead put heavy weight on prearranged employment contracts, craft skills and work experience with Canadian employers. Experimentation with the new sys-tem has resulted in immigrants who had better economic success than those selected under the old system. This result is not surprising since employers are best able to judge whether immigrants are likely to be sufficiently productive, have the needed language skills and other characteristics necessary to earn the wages they are offered. The new selection system needs some administrative rules, which remain to be spelled out. One would set an accept-able wage level high enough to ensure that the immigrants pay sufficient taxes to cover the social benefits they are entitled to. For this purpose the minimum acceptable wage offered a prospective immigrant might be set at the wage earned by the average Canadian in the region of prospective employment. There is also the need to prevent fraudulent job offers to relatives and to immigrants who have bribed employers to offer them temporary high-paying jobs. This goal could be attained by requiring immigrants to file copies of their income tax returns to a special enforcement office in Ottawa, which would be authorized to revoke the permanent residence status of violators and deport them. However, the proposed reforms fail to address the most fundamental problem facing the current immigration policies. How many immigrants should Canada admit every year? No economic rationale exists for the current target of about a quarter-million immigrants a year, which as a per cent of the population is the highest of any country in the world. Politicians justify it with vague references to its influence on Canada's economic growth rate; the need to meet prospective labour and skills shortages; to finance social benefits for an aging population; to create a multicultural society; to help alleviate poverty abroad and others. None of these arguments are valid if immigration policies are aimed at maximizing the well-being of Canadians. Thus, immigrants add to aggregate national income, but if their personal incomes are below average, they impose a fiscal burden on taxpayers because of the country's progressive income taxes and the universality of benefits. Labour shortages can be aggravated since immigrants cause the construction of more housing, infra-structure and the need for more social and medical services. Actuaries have shown that immigrants cannot significantly reduce the unfunded liabilities of social programs since they too age and become entitled to benefits. Non-economic arguments involve value judgments impossible to measure and leave open important questions about the merit of alleviating poverty abroad rather than in Canada and about the benefits from multiculturalism relative to the risk of endangering traditional values, culture and social cohesion. Focusing on the economic issues alone, the problem of determining the optimum rate of immigration can and should be solved through the use of market signals provided through the use of prearranged employment con-tracts. This criterion should be applied to all applicants, who would be accompanied by their immediate family. It would also provide the added benefit of varying efficiently the number of immigrants with fluctuations in the demand for labour during business cycles. It is time for minister Kenney to adopt these immigrant selection policies, which he already has put into place on a limited basis. This policy will benefit greatly all Canadians, including recent immigrants. He and his staff do not have to fear running out of work. They will be left with important responsibilities to enforce the new rules, protect public health and security, take care of asylum seekers and for a long time deal fairly with the legacy of past policies. [I][B]Herbert Grubel is professor emeritus of economics at Simon Fraser University.[/B][/I] Copyright (c) The Vancouver Sun [B] source:[/B] [url]http://www.{censored}/business/many+immigrants+need/6477095/story.html[/url] [/COLOR] [/QUOTE]
Insert quotes…
Verification
Post reply
Discussions
Hard Talk
Interviews
How Many Immigrants Do We Need?
This site uses cookies to help personalise content, tailor your experience and to keep you logged in if you register.
By continuing to use this site, you are consenting to our use of cookies.
Accept
Learn more…
Top