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Guru Granth Sahib
Composition, Arrangement & Layout
ਜਪੁ | Jup
ਸੋ ਦਰੁ | So Dar
ਸੋਹਿਲਾ | Sohilaa
ਰਾਗੁ ਸਿਰੀਰਾਗੁ | Raag Siree-Raag
Gurbani (14-53)
Ashtpadiyan (53-71)
Gurbani (71-74)
Pahre (74-78)
Chhant (78-81)
Vanjara (81-82)
Vaar Siri Raag (83-91)
Bhagat Bani (91-93)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਝ | Raag Maajh
Gurbani (94-109)
Ashtpadi (109)
Ashtpadiyan (110-129)
Ashtpadi (129-130)
Ashtpadiyan (130-133)
Bara Maha (133-136)
Din Raen (136-137)
Vaar Maajh Ki (137-150)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗਉੜੀ | Raag Gauree
Gurbani (151-185)
Quartets/Couplets (185-220)
Ashtpadiyan (220-234)
Karhalei (234-235)
Ashtpadiyan (235-242)
Chhant (242-249)
Baavan Akhari (250-262)
Sukhmani (262-296)
Thittee (296-300)
Gauree kii Vaar (300-323)
Gurbani (323-330)
Ashtpadiyan (330-340)
Baavan Akhari (340-343)
Thintteen (343-344)
Vaar Kabir (344-345)
Bhagat Bani (345-346)
ਰਾਗੁ ਆਸਾ | Raag Aasaa
Gurbani (347-348)
Chaupaday (348-364)
Panchpadde (364-365)
Kaafee (365-409)
Aasaavaree (409-411)
Ashtpadiyan (411-432)
Patee (432-435)
Chhant (435-462)
Vaar Aasaa (462-475)
Bhagat Bani (475-488)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗੂਜਰੀ | Raag Goojaree
Gurbani (489-503)
Ashtpadiyan (503-508)
Vaar Gujari (508-517)
Vaar Gujari (517-526)
ਰਾਗੁ ਦੇਵਗੰਧਾਰੀ | Raag Dayv-Gandhaaree
Gurbani (527-536)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਿਹਾਗੜਾ | Raag Bihaagraa
Gurbani (537-556)
Chhant (538-548)
Vaar Bihaagraa (548-556)
ਰਾਗੁ ਵਡਹੰਸ | Raag Wadhans
Gurbani (557-564)
Ashtpadiyan (564-565)
Chhant (565-575)
Ghoriaan (575-578)
Alaahaniiaa (578-582)
Vaar Wadhans (582-594)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸੋਰਠਿ | Raag Sorath
Gurbani (595-634)
Asatpadhiya (634-642)
Vaar Sorath (642-659)
ਰਾਗੁ ਧਨਾਸਰੀ | Raag Dhanasaree
Gurbani (660-685)
Astpadhiya (685-687)
Chhant (687-691)
Bhagat Bani (691-695)
ਰਾਗੁ ਜੈਤਸਰੀ | Raag Jaitsree
Gurbani (696-703)
Chhant (703-705)
Vaar Jaitsaree (705-710)
Bhagat Bani (710)
ਰਾਗੁ ਟੋਡੀ | Raag Todee
ਰਾਗੁ ਬੈਰਾੜੀ | Raag Bairaaree
ਰਾਗੁ ਤਿਲੰਗ | Raag Tilang
Gurbani (721-727)
Bhagat Bani (727)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸੂਹੀ | Raag Suhi
Gurbani (728-750)
Ashtpadiyan (750-761)
Kaafee (761-762)
Suchajee (762)
Gunvantee (763)
Chhant (763-785)
Vaar Soohee (785-792)
Bhagat Bani (792-794)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਿਲਾਵਲੁ | Raag Bilaaval
Gurbani (795-831)
Ashtpadiyan (831-838)
Thitteen (838-840)
Vaar Sat (841-843)
Chhant (843-848)
Vaar Bilaaval (849-855)
Bhagat Bani (855-858)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗੋਂਡ | Raag Gond
Gurbani (859-869)
Ashtpadiyan (869)
Bhagat Bani (870-875)
ਰਾਗੁ ਰਾਮਕਲੀ | Raag Ramkalee
Ashtpadiyan (902-916)
Gurbani (876-902)
Anand (917-922)
Sadd (923-924)
Chhant (924-929)
Dakhnee (929-938)
Sidh Gosat (938-946)
Vaar Ramkalee (947-968)
ਰਾਗੁ ਨਟ ਨਾਰਾਇਨ | Raag Nat Narayan
Gurbani (975-980)
Ashtpadiyan (980-983)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਲੀ ਗਉੜਾ | Raag Maalee Gauraa
Gurbani (984-988)
Bhagat Bani (988)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਰੂ | Raag Maaroo
Gurbani (889-1008)
Ashtpadiyan (1008-1014)
Kaafee (1014-1016)
Ashtpadiyan (1016-1019)
Anjulian (1019-1020)
Solhe (1020-1033)
Dakhni (1033-1043)
ਰਾਗੁ ਤੁਖਾਰੀ | Raag Tukhaari
Bara Maha (1107-1110)
Chhant (1110-1117)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕੇਦਾਰਾ | Raag Kedara
Gurbani (1118-1123)
Bhagat Bani (1123-1124)
ਰਾਗੁ ਭੈਰਉ | Raag Bhairo
Gurbani (1125-1152)
Partaal (1153)
Ashtpadiyan (1153-1167)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਸੰਤੁ | Raag Basant
Gurbani (1168-1187)
Ashtpadiyan (1187-1193)
Vaar Basant (1193-1196)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸਾਰਗ | Raag Saarag
Gurbani (1197-1200)
Partaal (1200-1231)
Ashtpadiyan (1232-1236)
Chhant (1236-1237)
Vaar Saarang (1237-1253)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਲਾਰ | Raag Malaar
Gurbani (1254-1293)
Partaal (1265-1273)
Ashtpadiyan (1273-1278)
Chhant (1278)
Vaar Malaar (1278-91)
Bhagat Bani (1292-93)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕਾਨੜਾ | Raag Kaanraa
Gurbani (1294-96)
Partaal (1296-1318)
Ashtpadiyan (1308-1312)
Chhant (1312)
Vaar Kaanraa
Bhagat Bani (1318)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕਲਿਆਨ | Raag Kalyaan
Gurbani (1319-23)
Ashtpadiyan (1323-26)
ਰਾਗੁ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਤੀ | Raag Prabhaatee
Gurbani (1327-1341)
Ashtpadiyan (1342-51)
ਰਾਗੁ ਜੈਜਾਵੰਤੀ | Raag Jaijaiwanti
Gurbani (1352-53)
Salok | Gatha | Phunahe | Chaubole | Swayiye
Sehskritee Mahala 1
Sehskritee Mahala 5
Gaathaa Mahala 5
Phunhay Mahala 5
Chaubolae Mahala 5
Shaloks Bhagat Kabir
Shaloks Sheikh Farid
Swaiyyae Mahala 5
Swaiyyae in Praise of Gurus
Shaloks in Addition To Vaars
Shalok Ninth Mehl
Mundavanee Mehl 5
ਰਾਗ ਮਾਲਾ, Raag Maalaa
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Sikh Sikhi Sikhism
What Is The Language Of Sikhs?
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<blockquote data-quote="spnadmin" data-source="post: 60319" data-attributes="member: 35"><p>Veer ji</p><p></p><p>Please know. Gurmukhi was never a spoken language. Gurmukhi is in fact a script rather than a language. The script was created so that literate people of northern India could read Siri Guru Granth Sahib even when they lacked the ability to read any of the several languages that are in fact included in the scripture. Gurmukhi script was created and refined by the Guru Arjan Dev ji. The languages of Siri Guru Granth Sahib act together like a language of spirit and poetry. A blend of ancient Sanskrit, Persian, Urdu, Punjabi and Hindi. Energetic minds who want to take the time to investigate can comment further on the reasons why this is historically true.</p><p></p><p>Translations are rarely exact because to translate from one language rendered in poetic form to any other language in a poetic form requires more than a mastery of both languages. It also requires mastery of poetics in two languages. There aren't many people around who can do that in any two languages (English to German, German to Russian, or expressions of SGGS to anything else). Since languages can be very different in terms of their use of implication rules, idioms, and word meaning, exact translations for the most part would sound ridiculous. </p><p></p><p>For readers who care about facts: then,</p><p></p><p><span style="color: Red">There are two major theories on how the <em>Proto-Gurmukhi script</em> emerged in the 15th century. G.B. Singh (1950), while quoting Abu Raihan <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni" target="_blank">Al-Biruni</a>'s <em>Ta'rikh al-Hind</em> (1030 AD), says that the script evolved from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardhanagari" target="_blank">Ardhanagari</a>. Al-Biruni writes that the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardhanagari" target="_blank">Ardhanagari</a> script was used in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathinda" target="_blank">Bathinda</a>, including <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindh" target="_blank">Sindh</a> and western parts of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_region" target="_blank">Punjab</a> in the 10th century. For some time, Bhatinda remained the capital of the kingdom of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhatti" target="_blank">Bhatti</a> Rajputs of the Pal clan, who ruled North India before the Muslims occupied the country. Because of its connection with the Bhattis, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardhanagari" target="_blank">Ardhanagari</a> script was also called <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhatachhari" target="_blank">Bhatachhari</a>. According to Al-Biruni, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardhanagari" target="_blank">Ardhanagari</a> was a mixture of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagari" target="_blank">Nagari</a>, used in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ujjain" target="_blank">Ujjain</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malwa" target="_blank">Malwa</a>, and <em>Siddha Matrika</em> or the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siddham" target="_blank">Siddham</a> script, a variant of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharada_script" target="_blank">Sharada script</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kashmir" target="_blank">Kashmir</a>.</span> used in Kashmir. </p><p>(a short passage from Wikopedia).</p><p></p><p>If you don't care about facts, then just blow off the paragraph above and proceed as you will.</p><p></p><p>But let's be fair to hard-working translators, whose talents are huge. Let's not create a controversy for the sake of having an argument -- unless it is going to take us to a place where knowledge is gained and understanding is helped along.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="spnadmin, post: 60319, member: 35"] Veer ji Please know. Gurmukhi was never a spoken language. Gurmukhi is in fact a script rather than a language. The script was created so that literate people of northern India could read Siri Guru Granth Sahib even when they lacked the ability to read any of the several languages that are in fact included in the scripture. Gurmukhi script was created and refined by the Guru Arjan Dev ji. The languages of Siri Guru Granth Sahib act together like a language of spirit and poetry. A blend of ancient Sanskrit, Persian, Urdu, Punjabi and Hindi. Energetic minds who want to take the time to investigate can comment further on the reasons why this is historically true. Translations are rarely exact because to translate from one language rendered in poetic form to any other language in a poetic form requires more than a mastery of both languages. It also requires mastery of poetics in two languages. There aren't many people around who can do that in any two languages (English to German, German to Russian, or expressions of SGGS to anything else). Since languages can be very different in terms of their use of implication rules, idioms, and word meaning, exact translations for the most part would sound ridiculous. For readers who care about facts: then, [COLOR=Red]There are two major theories on how the [I]Proto-Gurmukhi script[/I] emerged in the 15th century. G.B. Singh (1950), while quoting Abu Raihan [URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Biruni"]Al-Biruni[/URL]'s [I]Ta'rikh al-Hind[/I] (1030 AD), says that the script evolved from [URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardhanagari"]Ardhanagari[/URL]. Al-Biruni writes that the [URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardhanagari"]Ardhanagari[/URL] script was used in [URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bathinda"]Bathinda[/URL], including [URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sindh"]Sindh[/URL] and western parts of the [URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_region"]Punjab[/URL] in the 10th century. For some time, Bhatinda remained the capital of the kingdom of [URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhatti"]Bhatti[/URL] Rajputs of the Pal clan, who ruled North India before the Muslims occupied the country. Because of its connection with the Bhattis, the [URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardhanagari"]Ardhanagari[/URL] script was also called [URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhatachhari"]Bhatachhari[/URL]. According to Al-Biruni, [URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ardhanagari"]Ardhanagari[/URL] was a mixture of [URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagari"]Nagari[/URL], used in [URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ujjain"]Ujjain[/URL] and [URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malwa"]Malwa[/URL], and [I]Siddha Matrika[/I] or the [URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siddham"]Siddham[/URL] script, a variant of the [URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharada_script"]Sharada script[/URL][URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kashmir"]Kashmir[/URL].[/COLOR] used in Kashmir. (a short passage from Wikopedia). If you don't care about facts, then just blow off the paragraph above and proceed as you will. But let's be fair to hard-working translators, whose talents are huge. Let's not create a controversy for the sake of having an argument -- unless it is going to take us to a place where knowledge is gained and understanding is helped along. [/QUOTE]
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What Is The Language Of Sikhs?
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