☀️ JOIN SPN MOBILE
Forums
New posts
Guru Granth Sahib
Composition, Arrangement & Layout
ਜਪੁ | Jup
ਸੋ ਦਰੁ | So Dar
ਸੋਹਿਲਾ | Sohilaa
ਰਾਗੁ ਸਿਰੀਰਾਗੁ | Raag Siree-Raag
Gurbani (14-53)
Ashtpadiyan (53-71)
Gurbani (71-74)
Pahre (74-78)
Chhant (78-81)
Vanjara (81-82)
Vaar Siri Raag (83-91)
Bhagat Bani (91-93)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਝ | Raag Maajh
Gurbani (94-109)
Ashtpadi (109)
Ashtpadiyan (110-129)
Ashtpadi (129-130)
Ashtpadiyan (130-133)
Bara Maha (133-136)
Din Raen (136-137)
Vaar Maajh Ki (137-150)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗਉੜੀ | Raag Gauree
Gurbani (151-185)
Quartets/Couplets (185-220)
Ashtpadiyan (220-234)
Karhalei (234-235)
Ashtpadiyan (235-242)
Chhant (242-249)
Baavan Akhari (250-262)
Sukhmani (262-296)
Thittee (296-300)
Gauree kii Vaar (300-323)
Gurbani (323-330)
Ashtpadiyan (330-340)
Baavan Akhari (340-343)
Thintteen (343-344)
Vaar Kabir (344-345)
Bhagat Bani (345-346)
ਰਾਗੁ ਆਸਾ | Raag Aasaa
Gurbani (347-348)
Chaupaday (348-364)
Panchpadde (364-365)
Kaafee (365-409)
Aasaavaree (409-411)
Ashtpadiyan (411-432)
Patee (432-435)
Chhant (435-462)
Vaar Aasaa (462-475)
Bhagat Bani (475-488)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗੂਜਰੀ | Raag Goojaree
Gurbani (489-503)
Ashtpadiyan (503-508)
Vaar Gujari (508-517)
Vaar Gujari (517-526)
ਰਾਗੁ ਦੇਵਗੰਧਾਰੀ | Raag Dayv-Gandhaaree
Gurbani (527-536)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਿਹਾਗੜਾ | Raag Bihaagraa
Gurbani (537-556)
Chhant (538-548)
Vaar Bihaagraa (548-556)
ਰਾਗੁ ਵਡਹੰਸ | Raag Wadhans
Gurbani (557-564)
Ashtpadiyan (564-565)
Chhant (565-575)
Ghoriaan (575-578)
Alaahaniiaa (578-582)
Vaar Wadhans (582-594)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸੋਰਠਿ | Raag Sorath
Gurbani (595-634)
Asatpadhiya (634-642)
Vaar Sorath (642-659)
ਰਾਗੁ ਧਨਾਸਰੀ | Raag Dhanasaree
Gurbani (660-685)
Astpadhiya (685-687)
Chhant (687-691)
Bhagat Bani (691-695)
ਰਾਗੁ ਜੈਤਸਰੀ | Raag Jaitsree
Gurbani (696-703)
Chhant (703-705)
Vaar Jaitsaree (705-710)
Bhagat Bani (710)
ਰਾਗੁ ਟੋਡੀ | Raag Todee
ਰਾਗੁ ਬੈਰਾੜੀ | Raag Bairaaree
ਰਾਗੁ ਤਿਲੰਗ | Raag Tilang
Gurbani (721-727)
Bhagat Bani (727)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸੂਹੀ | Raag Suhi
Gurbani (728-750)
Ashtpadiyan (750-761)
Kaafee (761-762)
Suchajee (762)
Gunvantee (763)
Chhant (763-785)
Vaar Soohee (785-792)
Bhagat Bani (792-794)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਿਲਾਵਲੁ | Raag Bilaaval
Gurbani (795-831)
Ashtpadiyan (831-838)
Thitteen (838-840)
Vaar Sat (841-843)
Chhant (843-848)
Vaar Bilaaval (849-855)
Bhagat Bani (855-858)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗੋਂਡ | Raag Gond
Gurbani (859-869)
Ashtpadiyan (869)
Bhagat Bani (870-875)
ਰਾਗੁ ਰਾਮਕਲੀ | Raag Ramkalee
Ashtpadiyan (902-916)
Gurbani (876-902)
Anand (917-922)
Sadd (923-924)
Chhant (924-929)
Dakhnee (929-938)
Sidh Gosat (938-946)
Vaar Ramkalee (947-968)
ਰਾਗੁ ਨਟ ਨਾਰਾਇਨ | Raag Nat Narayan
Gurbani (975-980)
Ashtpadiyan (980-983)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਲੀ ਗਉੜਾ | Raag Maalee Gauraa
Gurbani (984-988)
Bhagat Bani (988)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਰੂ | Raag Maaroo
Gurbani (889-1008)
Ashtpadiyan (1008-1014)
Kaafee (1014-1016)
Ashtpadiyan (1016-1019)
Anjulian (1019-1020)
Solhe (1020-1033)
Dakhni (1033-1043)
ਰਾਗੁ ਤੁਖਾਰੀ | Raag Tukhaari
Bara Maha (1107-1110)
Chhant (1110-1117)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕੇਦਾਰਾ | Raag Kedara
Gurbani (1118-1123)
Bhagat Bani (1123-1124)
ਰਾਗੁ ਭੈਰਉ | Raag Bhairo
Gurbani (1125-1152)
Partaal (1153)
Ashtpadiyan (1153-1167)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਸੰਤੁ | Raag Basant
Gurbani (1168-1187)
Ashtpadiyan (1187-1193)
Vaar Basant (1193-1196)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸਾਰਗ | Raag Saarag
Gurbani (1197-1200)
Partaal (1200-1231)
Ashtpadiyan (1232-1236)
Chhant (1236-1237)
Vaar Saarang (1237-1253)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਲਾਰ | Raag Malaar
Gurbani (1254-1293)
Partaal (1265-1273)
Ashtpadiyan (1273-1278)
Chhant (1278)
Vaar Malaar (1278-91)
Bhagat Bani (1292-93)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕਾਨੜਾ | Raag Kaanraa
Gurbani (1294-96)
Partaal (1296-1318)
Ashtpadiyan (1308-1312)
Chhant (1312)
Vaar Kaanraa
Bhagat Bani (1318)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕਲਿਆਨ | Raag Kalyaan
Gurbani (1319-23)
Ashtpadiyan (1323-26)
ਰਾਗੁ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਤੀ | Raag Prabhaatee
Gurbani (1327-1341)
Ashtpadiyan (1342-51)
ਰਾਗੁ ਜੈਜਾਵੰਤੀ | Raag Jaijaiwanti
Gurbani (1352-53)
Salok | Gatha | Phunahe | Chaubole | Swayiye
Sehskritee Mahala 1
Sehskritee Mahala 5
Gaathaa Mahala 5
Phunhay Mahala 5
Chaubolae Mahala 5
Shaloks Bhagat Kabir
Shaloks Sheikh Farid
Swaiyyae Mahala 5
Swaiyyae in Praise of Gurus
Shaloks in Addition To Vaars
Shalok Ninth Mehl
Mundavanee Mehl 5
ਰਾਗ ਮਾਲਾ, Raag Maalaa
What's new
New posts
New media
New media comments
New resources
Latest activity
Videos
New media
New comments
Library
Latest reviews
Donate
Log in
Register
What's new
New posts
Menu
Log in
Register
Install the app
Install
Welcome to all New Sikh Philosophy Network Forums!
Explore Sikh Sikhi Sikhism...
Sign up
Log in
Discussions
Sikh Sikhi Sikhism
Travels of Guru Nanak: A Brief
JavaScript is disabled. For a better experience, please enable JavaScript in your browser before proceeding.
You are using an out of date browser. It may not display this or other websites correctly.
You should upgrade or use an
alternative browser
.
Reply to thread
Message
<blockquote data-quote="dalvinder45" data-source="post: 225131" data-attributes="member: 26009"><p style="text-align: center"><strong>[ATTACH=full]22405[/ATTACH]BIHAR</strong></p><p></p><p>[ATTACH=full]22403[/ATTACH]</p><p><strong> Map 15.1: Guru Nanak’s Travel Route in Bihar through Gaya</strong></p><p></p><p>Guru Nanak is believed to have entered Bihar from Uttar Pradesh during his first Udasi (Journey) to the East in the year 1503. There is difference of opinion among scholars about the route adopted by Guru Nanak, while proceeding from Benaras to Bihar. In the “Atlas-Travels of Guru Nanak” [15.1] Drs. Fauja Singh - Kripal Singh referred to two routes from Benaras to Hajipur-Patna; “One kacha route lays along the bank of Ganges and the second proceeded there via Gaya”. According to these learned writers, Guru Nanak wanted to visit Gaya on the way to Patna because Gaya was an old - famous center of pilgrimage of Hindus and the Buddhists, and as such they have opined that Guru Nanak took the Gaya route</p><p></p><p>Dr. Trilochan Singh [15.2] (Guru Nanak - A Biography) is also of the same opinion when he writes, ‘From Benaras Guru Nanak wended his way to Gaya”. As per Twareekh Guru Khalsa of Gyani Gyan Singh [15.3]and Khalsa Twareekh by Giani Lal Singh Sangrur,[15.4] he passed through Jaunpur, Buxar, Arra, Chhapra and reached Patna. Prom Patna he went to Rajgir, Gaya, Bodh Gaya, Mungher, Bhagalpur, Vaidyadham in Deoghar town and retuned to Bhagalpur and proceeded to Sahibganj and Rajmahal in west Bengal enroute to Dhaka. However, Surinder Singh Kohli [15.5] (Travels of Guru Nanak) writes that Guru Nanak touched the territory of Bihar following the course of the Ganges and entered Bihar at Buxur (The old Siddh Ashram), then passing through Arrah and Chhapra, he reached Patna. Bhai Saheb Bhai Vir Singh [15.6](Guru Nanak Chamatkar) also mentions the visit of Guru Nanak from Patna to Gaya-Bodh Gaya and to Rajauli.Guru Nanak’s Travels in Bihar: A Historical Perspective: Joginder Singh Jogi,[15.7]Advocate and former President Takht, Sri Patna Sahib. (Bihar) also supports this.</p><p></p><p>Referring to this difference of opinion, Dr. Ved Prakash [15.8] in “The Sikhs in Bihar” writes, “According to some, Guru Nanak first came to Patna andthen proceeded to Gaya, associated with the name Lord Buddha. This view seems to be unconvincing because the Guru could not prefer first visiting Patna before Gaya due to the fact that Gaya was and even today is the famous place of pilgrimage of the Hindus and there he was sure to get a good opportunity of imparting his mission to the common folk who so often frequented such religious places”. Map below depicts Bihar journey.</p><p></p><p>Bihar was also extensively travelled by Guru Tegh Bahadur. As a result of the visit of the two Gurus and later efforts of Sikh saints, half of Bihar is said to have become Nanakpanthi at one time. With large number of Sikh families having settled in different areas of Bihar, after partition of the country, some of such memorials have been so developed as to become places of pilgrimage.</p><p></p><p><strong>BODH GAYA</strong></p><p></p><p>Guru Nanak reached Bodh Gaya where Lord Buddha attained enlightenment after passing through Chandrauli. It was a famous place of pilgrimage for Hindus as well as Buddhists. The Buddhist centre is known as Boddh Gaya and is about 12 Kilometres from Gaya to its south. At this place Mahatma Buddha made his renununciation and performed his memorable peace. Guru Nanak sat outside the memorial, in spiritual bliss, with Mardana at the Rabab, and the Kirtan attracted Mahant Devgir. In his discourse with Mahant Devgir, Guru Nanak sermonized that a person has to exercise control over his wishes so that wicked intentions should melt away and shady thoughts and passions should surrender to Divine Sublime. Mahant Devgir was much impressed by the doctrines enunciated by the Guru and adopted the discipline ordained by Guru Nanak. According to Bhai Sahib Bhai Vir Singh [15.9] and other scholars, Mahant Devgir was said to be a very respectable and wealthy person. The third successor of this Mahant was one Bhagatgir who was afterwards re¬christened as Bhagat Bhawan.Dr. Ved. Prakash [15.10] in his thesis Sikhs in Bihar) mentions: “As a convert is usually more zealous and firm in his faith, he (Bhagat Bhagwan) did utmost to carry out the instructions of his initiator. He was converted to Sikhism during the pontification of Guru Har Rai, the seventh Guru and is credited with having established 360 mathhs in Bihar or Magadh. A gurdwara in memory of Guru Nanak’s visit has land attached to it and regular donations are received from the sangat. [15.11]</p><p></p><p><strong>GAYA</strong></p><p> <strong>[ATTACH=full]22404[/ATTACH]</strong></p><p><strong> 15.1. Gurdwara Guru Nanak, Vishu Ghat, Gaya Bihar</strong></p><p><strong>[ATTACH=full]22406[/ATTACH]</strong></p><p style="text-align: center"><strong>15.2. Gurdwara Guru Nanak, Vishu Ghat, Gaya Bihar</strong></p><p></p><p>Guru Nanak visited Gaya after Bodh Gaya. It was a Hindu pilgrim centre situated on the bank of the Phalgu. It was strongly believed during those days that Gaya was a devil (shaitan) who took to hard meditation. Vishnu was pleased at this and told him to ask for a boon. The devil sought the boon that whosoever saw him might get free from the pangs of hell. Lord Vishnu said ‘whosoever sees my feet will get liberated.’</p><p></p><p>The Vishnu Pad is a huge temple where pilgrims from all over India come to pay obeisance. Another belief that was current was that if one performed here the last rites of his ancestors who were already dead they would also get liberated. Therefore, many Hindus visited Gaya to perform last rites of their ancestors to seek liberation for them. While performing these rites, they make round balls of rice and lighted lamps. They believed that by their doing so, their ancestors could get salvation. They offer rolls of barley along with cash placed on leaves of Palas to the Brahmans (pandas) for their eternal salvation. The ritual is known as ‘pind bharouna’.[15.12] As Guru Nanak sat on the bank of the Phalgu river absorbed in his thoughts, the pandas came to him and advised him to get pind bharai (offer to the elders), the last rituals performed for his own and his ancestors’ liberation. The Guru replied that he had lit a lamp for himself and his ancestors. He had performed such a ritual that the darkness of ignorance would wane. Heaven and hell are phenomenon of ignorance. Those who have lit the lamp of knowledge of Divine Name they stood liberated.</p><p></p><p>Guru Nanak recited the hymn: “<em>deeva mera ek naam dukh vich paia tel. Un chanan oh sokhia chooka jam sio mel. Loga mat ko fakad pai.Lakh madia kar ekthe ek rate lai bhahi</em>”.</p><p></p><p>The One Name is my lamp; I have put the oil of suffering into it.Its flame has dried up this oil, and I have escaped my meeting with the Messenger of Death. || 1 ||</p><p>O people, do not make fun of me. Thousands of wooden logs, piled up together, need only a tiny flame to burn. || 1 || Pause ||</p><p>The Lord is my festive dish, of rice balls on leafy plates; the True Name of the Creator Lord is my funeral ceremony. Here and hereafter, in the past and in the future, this is my support. || 2 ||</p><p>The Lord’s Praise is my River Ganges and my city of Benares; my soul takes its sacred cleansing bath there. That becomes my true cleansing bath, if night and day, I enshrine love for You. || 3 || The rice balls are offered to the gods and the dead ancestors, but it is the Brahmins who eat them!O Nanak, the rice balls of the Lord are a gift which is never exhausted. [15.13]</p><p></p><p>Hearing this, the pandits realized the truth and were ashamed at their act as they used to get the materials from their customers and used it for their personal usage. The pilgrims also realized the futulity of these rituals. There is a gurdwara in Gaya to commemorate the Guru’s visit to that place. It is situated by the side of Vishnu Pad temple in Deoghat on the bank of Falgu river. Baba Ram Das Udasi is the Mahant who manages the gurdwara which is known as Gurdwara Deo Ghat. The building of the shrine was got constructed by Almast during the pontificate of Guru Hargobind. The stamp of Bhai Almast is still preserved there. In the central hall of the building, a Hindi version of Granth Sahib has been placed on a raised platform along with Gita and Ramayana. A statuette of Baba Sri Chand, son of Guru Nanak has also been installed in the room. The last Mahant Baba Satnam Das having died in early 2006, after prolonged suffering, his father Vaid Anant Das, who used to look after his son, is now managing the shrine and claims it to head an Udasi Sangat, which historically is not correct. There is strong resentment among the local Sikhs.[15.14]</p><p></p><p>Later Guru Tegh Bahadur also visited the place. Gurdwara Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji near Vishnupad is controlled by Udasi priests. As in Gurdwara Chacha Phaggu Mal at Sasaram, here too three copies of Guru Granth Sahib in Gurmukhi and Devnagri script are seated side by side in a rectangular pavilion on a raised platform.</p><p></p><p><strong>RAJAULI</strong></p><p>[ATTACH=full]22407[/ATTACH]</p><p><strong> 15.3 Gurdwara Pehli Patshahi Rajauli</strong></p><p></p><p>Going from Gaya to Rajgir, Guru Nanak passed through Rajauli, where a faqir, Kalhan Shah had been meditating for long by the side of a “Dhooni” (continuous fire place). Impressed by the melodious voice of Kirtan of Guru Nanak, the faqir came and bowed before the Guru who blessed him with real Name. According to ‘Guru Nanak Chamatkar’[15.15] two memorials were created at Rajauli; one in the memory of the faqir and the other of Guru Nanak. According to one scholar “the antiquity of the Sangat was established, but there is no reference to Guru Nanak, nor was there any evidence available, oral or documentary, to support the traditional account given by the Punjabi authors.” Mahant Ram Ratan Buksh Das is presently managing the Sangat, who claims to be the seventh successor of Mahant Nanak Buksh Das. This Sangat is in fact the biggest of the Sangats in Bihar associated with the name of Guru Nanak and is situated in Rajauli town on Patna Ranchi main Road (NH-30) in an area of about four acres; covered by the building of the Sangat and the Bagicha attached to the Sangat. There are over fifty residential rooms in this two hundred years old building and the design of the inner side of the roomsreminds one of the designs of the rooms around parikrama of Sri Darbar Sahib Amritsar. In the Puja room of the Sangat is kept hundred year old hand written Bir of Sri Guru Granth Saheb and a few pictures of Hindu deities. There are certain Samadhs within the complex; the name of Baba Sadh Buksh Das is written in Gurumukhi on one of the Samadhs. A gate within the complex also mentions the name of Baba Gopal Buksh Das written in Gurumukhi. According to Mahant Ram Ratan Buksh Das, there is another branch of the Sangat situated at Akbarpur about fifteen kms away from Rajauli on the said Patna Ranchi Road. The Khankah of Faqir Kalhan Shah is situated at some distance from the Sangat. It is neatly kept and according to one Azhar Alam, is being managed by the Sunni Waqf Board through its local committee. The Faqir was said to have possessed miraculous powers. The dhooni is no longer burning today.</p><p></p><p><strong>RAJGIR</strong></p><p>[ATTACH=full]22408[/ATTACH]</p><p><strong>15.4 Gurdwara Baoli Sahib Rajgir</strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p> <strong>15.5 Gurdwara Baoli Sahib Rajgir</strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p><strong>15.6 Sheetal Kund Rajgir</strong></p><p></p><p>Rajgir, the old Rajgraha, said to be one of the oldest cities of India and had been the capital of Jarasandh. It is considered sacred because it had long association with Lord Buddha and Lord Mahavira. According to Surinder Singh Kohli [15.16], the place is famous in the history of Buddhism because five hundred Buddhist monks met here to fix the Buddhist canon.</p><p></p><p>Having stayed at Gaya for some days Guru Nanak visited Rajgir also known as Rajgriha.The absence of any mention ofNanak Kund or the visit of Guru Nanak at Rajgir, in the original Biographies of the Guru (Janam Sakhis) has created doubts in the mind of some scholars about the veracity of traditional account of this historic place.</p><p></p><p>Rajgir Manji Sahib is about 20 miles from Gaya. It has the fort of Jarasindh and the lines of his chariot are still being shown. Three tanks of hot water remain full: these are called fountains of gods. The one in which Guru Nanak had bath is always cool. The fair is held in the month of Badhron.[15.17] Guru Nanak is believed to have a discourse with Buddhist and Jain monks and impressed upon the importance of devotion to God without renunciation: like a lotus. The city was surrounded by springs of hot water. Cool drinking water was not available to the people. The Guru pointed out to the people to dig a place. Lo! Cool water gushed out. The historical spring is known as Nanak Kund. Patna Gazetteer [15.18] refers to Sikh Gurudwara at the Kund. Kund is recorded in revenue records at Khata No. 332 and Khatauni No. 7690 of Mauza - Rajgir, District - Patna (now district Nalanda). During the last forty years, mainly with the untiring efforts of Bhai Ajaib Singh, the Gurudwara has been maintained and developed. Another complex of about ten residential rooms has also been constructed with the funds provided by the Prabandhak Committee,and the transporters and the Sangat of Gaya. Rajgir is fast developing as a socio-cultural center and Rajgir Mahotsav is organized every year. A large number of Sikh families from Mumbai and other parts of the country while visiting Patna for celebrating birthday of Guru Gobind Singh every year, congregate at Rajgir Gurudwara the next day. A special Diwan is held where local people also participate in large number.</p><p></p><p><strong>PATNA SAHIB</strong></p><p></p><p>Patna, capital of Bihar State is reverently called Patna Sahib by the Sikhs because of its consecration by Guru Nanak Dev, Guru Tegh Bahadur and Guru Gobind Singh. The latter was born here during the holy family's sojourn at Patna during Guru Tegh Bahadur's tour of eastern Bihar, Bengal and Assam from 1666 to 1670. Patna Sahib is situated on the right bank of the River Ganges. The nearest railway station to the old city, where most of the Sikh shrines are located, is Patna Sahib, east of the main junction.</p><p></p><p><strong>Hajipur (Patna)</strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p><strong>GURDWARA PEHLI PATSHAHI HAJIPUR PATNA</strong></p><p></p><p>[ATTACH=full]22400[/ATTACH]</p><p></p><p><strong>15.7. Gurdwara Sonar Toli Patna associated with Guru Nanak, Guru Tegh Bahadur and Guru Gobind Singh Ji</strong></p><p></p><p>A kutcha road from Gaya led to the place which has since come to be known as Patna Sahib. Those days debris of the old city of Patliputra was extant. Passing through the debris and crossing the Ganga, Guru Nanak reached Hajipur which was a famous city those days. Hajipur is situated on the northern bank of the Ganges and opposite the city of Patna where the Gaṇḍakī River merges with the Ganges. After crossing the Ganges, the Guru sat on the site where now stands the Nanak Shahi Gurdwara. This place is in the Ram Chaura Mohalla in Harihar colony.</p><p></p><p><strong>SALAS RAI OF HAJIPUR (PATNA):</strong></p><p>When Guru Nanak reached Hajipur, his companion Mardana was very hungry. Guru Nanak took out a gem from the earth, handed over to Mardana to sell it in the market and to take care of his hunger.The shopkeepers approached by Mardana offered meagre consideration for the gem which Mardana did not accept and came back. Guru Nanak then asked Mardana to go to Jauhri Tola of the city to sell the gem to Salas Rai. Salas Rai examined the gem and told Mardana that the gem was so precious that he could not afford to purchase it but he paid Mardana Rs. 100/- as Mehmani (for having a look at it) Mardana brought the amount and the gem before the Guru. According to Bhai Santokh Singh[15.19] Guru Nanak told Mardana that human life is like a precious jewel. Those who appreciate its real value recognize it and re-emerge with Eternal Reality while others simply waste their life in gratification of sensual pleasures. Guru Nanak asked Mardana to return the money, which Salasrai declined to accept back. Acknowledging the servant as special, alongwith his servant named Adharaka Salas Rai came to see the Guru. He also brought along some food which he presented to the Guru and said that earlier he considered Mardana a jewel with you but after meeting you I see jewels all around you. The Guru uttered the following hymn:</p><p></p><p>In the pure, immaculate waters, both the lotus and the slimy scum are found.</p><p>The lotus flower is with the scum and the water, but it remains untouched by any pollution. || 1 ||</p><p>You frog, you will never understand. You eat the dirt, while you dwell in the immaculate waters.</p><p>You know nothing of the ambrosial nectar there. || 1 || Pause ||</p><p>You dwell continually in the water; the bumble bee does not dwell there, but it is intoxicated with its fragrance from afar. Intuitively sensing the moon in the distance, the lotus bows its head. || 2 ||</p><p> realms of nectar are irrigated with milk and honey; you think you are clever to live in the water.</p><p>You can never escape your own inner tendencies, like the love of the flea for blood. || 3 ||</p><p>The fool may live with the Pandit, the religious scholar and listen to the Vedas and the Śāstras.</p><p>You can never escape your own inner tendencies ,like the crooked tail of the dog. || 4 ||</p><p>Some are hypocrites; they do not merge with the Nām, the Name of the Lord. Some are absorbed in the Feet of the Lord, Har, Har. The mortals obtain what they are predestined to receive;</p><p>O Nanak, with your tongue, chant the Nām. || 5 || [15.20]</p><p></p><p>Salis Rai felt peace in his mind on listening to the hymn. He paid obeisance to the Guru and prayed that his offering be accepted. The Guru refused to accept money, but did accept the food. Salis Rai again prayed that he be assigned any service. The Guru advised him that it is not necessary that the virtue of Name is achieved only after acquiring some status. Therefore, one must not be proud of one’s higher social status. The Guru also told him that his subordinate Adharka was on way to realizing Name and that he (although a subordinate in social life) was spiritually higher than him. Therefore, he deserved to be held in esteem.</p><p></p><p>Guru Nanak’s words produced such an impression on Salas Rai that he became Guru’s disciple and brought Guru Nanak to his house. A small community of Sikh believers was formed into what was known as Chhoti Sangat. The Guru stayed for about eight months (according to some scholars the period of stay is more than that) Bhai Vir Singh[15.21] narrates a lengthy discourse between Guru Nanak and Salas Rai, who converted his house (Haveli) as Guru Nanak Dharamshala- the first of its kind. It is said that Guru Nanak put his turban on the head of Salas Rai and appointed him as a Preacher of the area with the condition that after Salas Rai’s death his servant Adharaka, who had acquired spiritual enlightenment, shall became his successor. At the time of his departure, Guru Nanak professed that a Mahanpurkh (great person) shall take birth at this place.A new building comprising a spacious square hall with the sanctum in the middle was constructed during the 1980s.</p><p></p><p>Ghanshyam, the great grand son of Adhrakha, the fourth successor of Salis Rai Johri's Sangat (now the birth place of Guru Gobind Singh ji) was also fortunate to get blessings from the ninth successor of Guru Nanak, as it was assured by Guru Nanak during his visit to this place. [15.22]</p><p></p><p><strong>HARIHAR KSHETRA MELA:</strong></p><p></p><p>Dr. Surinder Singh Kohli mentions that Guru Nanak attended the fair at Harihar Kshetra about three miles from Patna on the northern bank of Ganges, where he attracted the people by his sermons on life. There was an old temple dedicated to Gajgrah near Hajipur. A fair, called the Sonpur fair, was held there on the full-moon night of the month of Kārtik each year. Many pilgrims came on that day. Even otherwise the devotees of Vishnu kept pouring in throughout the year. One day a devotee of Vishnu came to Guru Nanak and put him a question: “Mind seeks material wealth; material wealth cannot be attained without ego; and ego takes one away from God. How can one realize God?”In response, the Guru recited the following hymn:</p><p></p><p>When the body perishes, whose wealth is it? Without the Guru, how can the Lord’s Name be obtained? The wealth of the Lord’s Name is my companion and helper.Night and day, centre your loving attentionon the Immaculate Lord. || 1 ||[15]</p><p></p><p>This provided that Vaiṣṇavite the required solace and he fell at the Guru’s feet. The Guru spent some time at Hajipur and then proceeded eastwards.The fair is now called Sonepur Mela. According to Muzaffarpur Gazetteer(1958)[15.24] “The famous Sonepur fair in Saran district beyond Hajipur was previously held at Hajipur and only oblations were offered to deity at Sonepur.” A three day Prachar Camp is organized at Sonepur by the Prabandhak Committee Takht Sri Harimandir Ji, Patna Saheb every year at Kartik Purnima. Again, according to said Gazetteer, Hajipur subdivision was founded in the year 1865 and was comprised of Six Thanas - including Lalganj. It is said that sermons of Guru Nanak were so impressive and appealing that a number of Sangats were established in the area of Hajipur and Lalganj, which by now are non-existent. Lalganj (now in the district of Vaishali) has the distinction of having a century old rich library - Shri Sharda Sadan Pustkalaya.</p><p></p><p><strong>GURDWARA GAU GHAT, PATNA</strong></p><p><strong>[ATTACH=full]22399[/ATTACH]</strong></p><p style="text-align: center"><strong>15.8. Gurudwara Gau Ghat Alamganj Village Bhishambarpur, Patna City.</strong></p><p></p><p>From Hajipur, Guru Nanak came to the house of one Jaita Seth situated at a place called Bishambherpur (Janam Sakhis) near Pachhmi Darwaja of then walled city of Patna with a number of gates, on the southern bank of Ganges, within the jurisdiction of present Alamganj Police Station. Dr. Surinder Singh Kohli 15.25] has referred to this place as Pachhmi Darwaja Sangat where Guru Nanak stayed for sometime hence known as Gurdwara Pahila Bara as it is dedicated to Guru Nanak Dev, who during his visit to Patna in 1503 AD stayed here with Bhai Jaita, a pious man, confectioner by trade, who became the Guru's follower and later converted his house into a dharmsal. As per a local legend, Bhai Jaitamal, a man of great piety was 350 years old when he requested the Guru to secure his soul. Guru Nanak counselled patience and advised him to wait till the ninth Master blessed him. As the legend told by Avtar Singh, the priest of Gurudwara Gau Ghat, Jaitamal was much old for bathing in the River Ganga, but with the blessings of Guru Nanak he could. "Bhai Jaitamal prayed to the Guru to give him strength to bathe in the river Ganga. Guruji told Jaitamal that he need not go to the river; the river would come to him. Guru Nanak converted the river Ganga to a cow. The spot is still there where Bhai Jaitamal used to bathe,"</p><p></p><p>The congregation that gathered here came to be called Bari Sangat or Gau Ghat Sangat. It is about 4 kilometers from Harimandir Saheb, on the Ashok Raj Path, Alamganj amidst the Patna Railway Junction and Takhat Sri Patna Sahib. Gurudwara Gau Ghat Sahib is the oldest Gurudwara even older than Takhat Shri Hari Mandir Sahib Ji Patna Sahib.</p><p></p><p><strong>GURDWARA GURU KA BAG, PATNA</strong></p><p> [ATTACH=full]22398[/ATTACH]</p><p style="text-align: center"><strong>15.8.Gurdwara Guru ka Baag Patna</strong></p><p></p><p>In 1666, Guru Tegh Bahadur blessed Bhai Jaitamal. The Ninth Guru, along with his family stayed in Patna for four months and made the place popular among the followers of Guru Nanak. The gurudwara preserves many sacred relics such as the bed, a grindstone of Mata Gujri, the musical instrument, Rebeck of Bhai Mardana, the window of the house of Bhai Jaitamal and Thara Sahib where Guru Tegh Bahadur sat. Devotees offer chola or clothes at Tham Sahib, the wooden pillars. It is believed that an unequal pair of wood was brought for the construction, which was later corrected by Guru Tegh Bahudar. Since then, devotees pay obeisance to the pillars. "If someone finds it difficult to marry or secure a job, his wishes are fulfilled. An offering of Chola (a piece of cloth) is made to the Tham Sahib. Hindus, Muslims and people of all religions come here and each has his wish fulfilled," said a devotee.</p><p></p><p>The place was obviously used to be managed by Mahants, Baba Mangal Singh being the last Mahant, appointed as such by Baba Mukand Singh Mahant of Sri Harimandir Ji, Patna (1913 - 1930). According to S. Balbir Singh Sethi, it was at the instance of his grand father Baba Mukand Singh that a Bir of Guru Granth Saheb was taken in a decorated Palki from Sri Harimandir Ji, and installed at this Gurudwara. After the death of Baba Mangal Singh, his sons Didar Singh and Ranjit Singh transferred this shrine in favour of Prabandhak Committee in the year 1972.</p><p></p><p><strong>GURDWARA JANAM ASTHAN GURU GOBIND SINGH JI</strong></p><p></p><p>[ATTACH=full]22401[/ATTACH]</p><p><strong>15.9. GURDWARA JANAM ASTHAN GURU GOBIND SINGH JI</strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p><strong>GURDWARA BAL LILA, PATNA</strong></p><p>[ATTACH=full]22397[/ATTACH]</p><p><strong>15.10. Gurdwara Bal Lila, Patna</strong></p><p><strong>GURDWARA KANGAN GHAT</strong></p><p>[ATTACH=full]22395[/ATTACH]</p><p><strong> 15.11. Gurdwara Kangan Ghat, Patna</strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p><strong>GURDWARA HANDI SAHIB </strong></p><p><strong>[ATTACH=full]22394[/ATTACH]</strong></p><p><strong>15.12. Gurdwara Handi Sahib Patna</strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p><strong>TWICE BLESSED PATNA:</strong></p><p><strong></strong></p><p> <strong></strong>The Haveli of Salas Rai, where Guru Nanak stayed became a centre of preaching. On his way to Assam, Guru Tegh Bahadur stayed with his family first at Bhai Jaita’s place and later on the family was shifted to Salas Rai’s Haveli, in compliance with a Hukumnama issued by Guru Tegh Bahadur. It was in this Haveli that Guru Gobind Singh was born. The Janamasthan of Guru Gobind Singh is now known as Takht Sri Harimandir Ji, Patna Saheb. In one of his Hukumnamas Guru Tegh Bahadur bestowed Patna with the title of Guru Ka Ghar. The old single storeyed Janamasthan has now come up to a majestic five storeyed Gurudwara building with three big langar halls, about three hundred residential rooms for the pilgrims, constructed from time to time with the efforts and under the supervision of Sant Nishchal Singh Ji of Yamuna Nagar, Sant Kartar Singh Ji of Sultanpur and Baba Harbans Singh Ji K{censored}wa Wale. A separate V.I.P. complex with thirty six modern rooms known as Salas Rai Jauhri Niwas is reminiscent of the services rendered by the enlightened Jauhri to Guru Nanak and the people of his faith.</p><p></p><p>Suffice it to say that the seeds of human love, peace and devotion to God sown by Guru Nanak in Salas Rai Haveli have now grown into a flower of religio-¬political center of Eastern India in the form of a Takht (seat of authority) to preserve and promote Guru Nanak-Guru Gobind Singh doctrine of Universal Brotherhood through the offices of a fifteen-member Prabandhak Committee to be approved by the District Judge of Patna, in exercise of powers vested in him under the Religious Endowment Act, 1863.[15.26]</p><p></p><p><strong>MONGHER</strong></p><p> [ATTACH=full]22396[/ATTACH]</p><p style="text-align: center"><strong>15.13. Gurdwara Pakki Sangat Mungher</strong></p><p></p><p>Mongher, a district town, 170 kilometres east of Patna Sahib by rail, is another place where Guru Nanak is known to have stayed during his eastward journey. On his way to Bhagalpur, Guru Nanak stayed at Mongher, old Mudagagir. According to Dr Kohli from Bodh Gaya Guru Nanak reached Mongher or the old Mudgiri [15.27][15.28] Guru Tegh Bahadur also visited the place. It was during his stay here that he got the news of the birth of Guru Gobind Singh. The commemorative shrine Gurdwara Pakki (lit. firm or permanent) Sangat is in Belan Bazar area near the ld fort. Its old building was damaged badly by the 1934 earthquake, it was, however, rebuilt within a year. It is a rectangular room with a verandah in front and is served by Brahaman priests. Two relics, a cot and a pillow said to have been used by the Guru during his stay here, are kept in the same room where Guru Granth Sahib is seated. [15.29] Hukumnama issued by Guru Tegh Bahadur from Mongher containing the following instructions: “kabila humne Patne mein chhora hai. koi haweli hove bari tismein kabila haamara rakhna. Asi pare raje ka sath gaye hain.” A Birh of Guru Granth Saheb used to be installed in this Gurdwara. On enquiry, Vaid Anant Das stated that the said Sri Guru Granth Saheb has been taken away by some Sikhs from Punjab, but he could not give any positive particulars. To trace the history of development of this Sangat and the line of succession through which Mahant Ramratanbux Das has come to be the Gadi Nashin of this Sangat. There is a gurdwara at the site where the Guru stayed.</p><p></p><p><strong>BHAGALPUR</strong></p><p></p><p style="text-align: center">[ATTACH=full]22402[/ATTACH]</p><p><strong> 15.14. Gurdwara Badi Sangat Bhagalpur</strong></p><p></p><p>Bhagalpur, another district town on the right bank of the Ganges, 63 km east of Mongher by rail was visited by Guru Nanak after Mongher. At Bhagalpur Guru Nanak stayed at a place in a corner of the city where a memorial was erected near Boorha Nath Mandir in the area known as Jogsar. The memorial is being managed by Lachhmi Devi, widow of Sant Saran Das. Her daughter and son-in-law are also residing with her. An old hand-written Bir of Guru Granth Saheb is also installed in the house. Sr. Tirlochan Singh, Secretary Sri Guru Singh Sabha, Bhagalpur led by the team of Guru Nanak Dev University to Chhoti Sangat situated in Mathra Das Ghosh lane in Jogsar, sanctified by the visit of Guru Tegh Bahadur. The two storeyed Gurdwara is being neatly kept and managed by local Sikhs, with Bhai Jaspal Singh as Granthi. A Sikh officer of N.C.C. lives with his family in the upper floor of the Gurdwara.</p><p></p><p>It had two Sikh Sangats when Guru Tegh Bahadur visited it in 1667. Guru Tegh Bahadur is said to have stayed at Bari Sangat on Boorhanath Ghat of which what is left is a stone slab, still considered holy. Over it Sardar Inder Singh Atwal got a room built in 1974. On every amavas, Guru Granth Sahib is brought from Grudwara Singh Sabha in the interior of the town and a congregation is held here with the holy book placed on the old slab called Chauki Sahib. The place itself is named Gurdwara Bari Sangat Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji Chauki Sahib. An old hand-written copy of Guru of Guru Granth Sahib acquired from the former Udasi priest of the shrine is preserved in Gurdwara Singh Sabha. The other place, Chhoti Sangat, also on the Ghat a little distance away from Bari Sangat has since been converted into a Hindu temple.[15.30]</p><p></p><p><strong>Baidyanath Dham</strong></p><p></p><p>Dr. Ved Prakash and Surinder Singh Kohli make mention of Guru Nanak’s visit to Baidyanath Dham in the district of Deoghar.</p><p></p><p><strong>References</strong></p><p></p><p>15.1. Drs. Fauja Singh - Kripal Singh, Atlas-Travels of Guru Nanak”</p><p>15.2. Dr. Trilochan Singh, Guru Nanak - A Biography</p><p>15.3. Gyani Gian Singh Twareekh Guru Khalsa</p><p>15.4 Gyani Lal Singh Sangrur Khalsa Twareekh</p><p>15.5. Surinder Singh Kohli Travels of Guru Nanak</p><p>15.6. Bhai Vir Singh,Guru Nanak Chamatkar</p><p>15.7. Joginder Singh Jogi,Advocate and forer President Takht, Sri Patna Sahib. (Bihar)</p><p>15.8. Dr. Ved Prakash in “The Sikhs in Bihar” (Thesis submitted by him for his doctorate and later on published by Janki Prakashan, Patna”)</p><p>15.9. Bhai Vir Singh,Guru Nanak Chamatkar</p><p>15.10. Dr. Ved Prakash in “The Sikhs in Bihar” Thesis submitted by him for his doctorate and later on published by Janki Prakashan, Patna”</p><p>15.11. Gyani Gyan Singh, 1997, Gurdham Sangreh, Sri Amritsar, Dharam Parchar Committee SGPC, 15 December p.39)</p><p>15.12. Dr. Ganda Singh, The Sikh Gurus at Gaya, April 1984, Punjab Past and PVIII-I Srno 35., pp. 13-16</p><p>15.13. Sri Guru Granth Sahib, p. 358</p><p>15.14. Gurmukh Singh, September 1995, Sikh Shrines, Amritsar, Singh Bros, p.331</p><p>15.15. Bhai Vir Singh Guru Nanak Chamatkar</p><p>15.16. Dr Surinder Singh Kohi, Travels of Guru Nanak</p><p>15.17. Gyani Gian Singh, 1997, Gurdham Sangreh, Sri Amritsar, Dharam Parchar Committee SGPC, 15 December p.39</p><p>15.18 Patna Gazetteer, 1991, p. 101</p><p>15.19. Bhai Santokh Singh, Suraj Prakash-Jeewan Dus Guru Sahiban¬Translation in verse</p><p>15.20. Guru Granth Sahib. p. 990</p><p>15.21. Bhai Vir Singh [3] in Guru Nanak Chamatkar</p><p>15.22. Gurmukh Singh, September 1995, Sikh Shrines, Amritsar, Singh Bros, p.329-331)</p><p>15.23. Sri Guru Granth Sahib, p. 416</p><p>15.24. Muzaffarpur Gazetteer,1958</p><p>15.25. Dr. Surinder Singh Kohli, Travels of Guru Nanak.</p><p>15.26. Singh Jogi, Advocate and former President Takht, Sri Patna Sahib. (Bihar)</p><p>15.27.Surinder Singh Kohli, Travels of Guru Nanak</p><p>15.28. Gurmukh Singh, September 1995, Sikh Shrines, Amritsar, Singh Bros, p.331-332</p><p>15.29. Joginder Singh Jogi, Guru Nanak’s Travels in Bihar: A Historical Perspective</p><p>15.30 Gurmukh Singh, September 1995, Sikh Shrines, Amritsar, Singh Bros, p.332.</p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="dalvinder45, post: 225131, member: 26009"] [CENTER][B][ATTACH type="full"]22405[/ATTACH]BIHAR[/B][/CENTER] [ATTACH type="full"]22403[/ATTACH] [B] Map 15.1: Guru Nanak’s Travel Route in Bihar through Gaya[/B] Guru Nanak is believed to have entered Bihar from Uttar Pradesh during his first Udasi (Journey) to the East in the year 1503. There is difference of opinion among scholars about the route adopted by Guru Nanak, while proceeding from Benaras to Bihar. In the “Atlas-Travels of Guru Nanak” [15.1] Drs. Fauja Singh - Kripal Singh referred to two routes from Benaras to Hajipur-Patna; “One kacha route lays along the bank of Ganges and the second proceeded there via Gaya”. According to these learned writers, Guru Nanak wanted to visit Gaya on the way to Patna because Gaya was an old - famous center of pilgrimage of Hindus and the Buddhists, and as such they have opined that Guru Nanak took the Gaya route Dr. Trilochan Singh [15.2] (Guru Nanak - A Biography) is also of the same opinion when he writes, ‘From Benaras Guru Nanak wended his way to Gaya”. As per Twareekh Guru Khalsa of Gyani Gyan Singh [15.3]and Khalsa Twareekh by Giani Lal Singh Sangrur,[15.4] he passed through Jaunpur, Buxar, Arra, Chhapra and reached Patna. Prom Patna he went to Rajgir, Gaya, Bodh Gaya, Mungher, Bhagalpur, Vaidyadham in Deoghar town and retuned to Bhagalpur and proceeded to Sahibganj and Rajmahal in west Bengal enroute to Dhaka. However, Surinder Singh Kohli [15.5] (Travels of Guru Nanak) writes that Guru Nanak touched the territory of Bihar following the course of the Ganges and entered Bihar at Buxur (The old Siddh Ashram), then passing through Arrah and Chhapra, he reached Patna. Bhai Saheb Bhai Vir Singh [15.6](Guru Nanak Chamatkar) also mentions the visit of Guru Nanak from Patna to Gaya-Bodh Gaya and to Rajauli.Guru Nanak’s Travels in Bihar: A Historical Perspective: Joginder Singh Jogi,[15.7]Advocate and former President Takht, Sri Patna Sahib. (Bihar) also supports this. Referring to this difference of opinion, Dr. Ved Prakash [15.8] in “The Sikhs in Bihar” writes, “According to some, Guru Nanak first came to Patna andthen proceeded to Gaya, associated with the name Lord Buddha. This view seems to be unconvincing because the Guru could not prefer first visiting Patna before Gaya due to the fact that Gaya was and even today is the famous place of pilgrimage of the Hindus and there he was sure to get a good opportunity of imparting his mission to the common folk who so often frequented such religious places”. Map below depicts Bihar journey. Bihar was also extensively travelled by Guru Tegh Bahadur. As a result of the visit of the two Gurus and later efforts of Sikh saints, half of Bihar is said to have become Nanakpanthi at one time. With large number of Sikh families having settled in different areas of Bihar, after partition of the country, some of such memorials have been so developed as to become places of pilgrimage. [B]BODH GAYA[/B] Guru Nanak reached Bodh Gaya where Lord Buddha attained enlightenment after passing through Chandrauli. It was a famous place of pilgrimage for Hindus as well as Buddhists. The Buddhist centre is known as Boddh Gaya and is about 12 Kilometres from Gaya to its south. At this place Mahatma Buddha made his renununciation and performed his memorable peace. Guru Nanak sat outside the memorial, in spiritual bliss, with Mardana at the Rabab, and the Kirtan attracted Mahant Devgir. In his discourse with Mahant Devgir, Guru Nanak sermonized that a person has to exercise control over his wishes so that wicked intentions should melt away and shady thoughts and passions should surrender to Divine Sublime. Mahant Devgir was much impressed by the doctrines enunciated by the Guru and adopted the discipline ordained by Guru Nanak. According to Bhai Sahib Bhai Vir Singh [15.9] and other scholars, Mahant Devgir was said to be a very respectable and wealthy person. The third successor of this Mahant was one Bhagatgir who was afterwards re¬christened as Bhagat Bhawan.Dr. Ved. Prakash [15.10] in his thesis Sikhs in Bihar) mentions: “As a convert is usually more zealous and firm in his faith, he (Bhagat Bhagwan) did utmost to carry out the instructions of his initiator. He was converted to Sikhism during the pontification of Guru Har Rai, the seventh Guru and is credited with having established 360 mathhs in Bihar or Magadh. A gurdwara in memory of Guru Nanak’s visit has land attached to it and regular donations are received from the sangat. [15.11] [B]GAYA [ATTACH type="full"]22404[/ATTACH] 15.1. Gurdwara Guru Nanak, Vishu Ghat, Gaya Bihar [ATTACH type="full"]22406[/ATTACH][/B] [CENTER][B]15.2. Gurdwara Guru Nanak, Vishu Ghat, Gaya Bihar[/B][/CENTER] Guru Nanak visited Gaya after Bodh Gaya. It was a Hindu pilgrim centre situated on the bank of the Phalgu. It was strongly believed during those days that Gaya was a devil (shaitan) who took to hard meditation. Vishnu was pleased at this and told him to ask for a boon. The devil sought the boon that whosoever saw him might get free from the pangs of hell. Lord Vishnu said ‘whosoever sees my feet will get liberated.’ The Vishnu Pad is a huge temple where pilgrims from all over India come to pay obeisance. Another belief that was current was that if one performed here the last rites of his ancestors who were already dead they would also get liberated. Therefore, many Hindus visited Gaya to perform last rites of their ancestors to seek liberation for them. While performing these rites, they make round balls of rice and lighted lamps. They believed that by their doing so, their ancestors could get salvation. They offer rolls of barley along with cash placed on leaves of Palas to the Brahmans (pandas) for their eternal salvation. The ritual is known as ‘pind bharouna’.[15.12] As Guru Nanak sat on the bank of the Phalgu river absorbed in his thoughts, the pandas came to him and advised him to get pind bharai (offer to the elders), the last rituals performed for his own and his ancestors’ liberation. The Guru replied that he had lit a lamp for himself and his ancestors. He had performed such a ritual that the darkness of ignorance would wane. Heaven and hell are phenomenon of ignorance. Those who have lit the lamp of knowledge of Divine Name they stood liberated. Guru Nanak recited the hymn: “[I]deeva mera ek naam dukh vich paia tel. Un chanan oh sokhia chooka jam sio mel. Loga mat ko fakad pai.Lakh madia kar ekthe ek rate lai bhahi[/I]”. The One Name is my lamp; I have put the oil of suffering into it.Its flame has dried up this oil, and I have escaped my meeting with the Messenger of Death. || 1 || O people, do not make fun of me. Thousands of wooden logs, piled up together, need only a tiny flame to burn. || 1 || Pause || The Lord is my festive dish, of rice balls on leafy plates; the True Name of the Creator Lord is my funeral ceremony. Here and hereafter, in the past and in the future, this is my support. || 2 || The Lord’s Praise is my River Ganges and my city of Benares; my soul takes its sacred cleansing bath there. That becomes my true cleansing bath, if night and day, I enshrine love for You. || 3 || The rice balls are offered to the gods and the dead ancestors, but it is the Brahmins who eat them!O Nanak, the rice balls of the Lord are a gift which is never exhausted. [15.13] Hearing this, the pandits realized the truth and were ashamed at their act as they used to get the materials from their customers and used it for their personal usage. The pilgrims also realized the futulity of these rituals. There is a gurdwara in Gaya to commemorate the Guru’s visit to that place. It is situated by the side of Vishnu Pad temple in Deoghat on the bank of Falgu river. Baba Ram Das Udasi is the Mahant who manages the gurdwara which is known as Gurdwara Deo Ghat. The building of the shrine was got constructed by Almast during the pontificate of Guru Hargobind. The stamp of Bhai Almast is still preserved there. In the central hall of the building, a Hindi version of Granth Sahib has been placed on a raised platform along with Gita and Ramayana. A statuette of Baba Sri Chand, son of Guru Nanak has also been installed in the room. The last Mahant Baba Satnam Das having died in early 2006, after prolonged suffering, his father Vaid Anant Das, who used to look after his son, is now managing the shrine and claims it to head an Udasi Sangat, which historically is not correct. There is strong resentment among the local Sikhs.[15.14] Later Guru Tegh Bahadur also visited the place. Gurdwara Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji near Vishnupad is controlled by Udasi priests. As in Gurdwara Chacha Phaggu Mal at Sasaram, here too three copies of Guru Granth Sahib in Gurmukhi and Devnagri script are seated side by side in a rectangular pavilion on a raised platform. [B]RAJAULI[/B] [ATTACH type="full"]22407[/ATTACH] [B] 15.3 Gurdwara Pehli Patshahi Rajauli[/B] Going from Gaya to Rajgir, Guru Nanak passed through Rajauli, where a faqir, Kalhan Shah had been meditating for long by the side of a “Dhooni” (continuous fire place). Impressed by the melodious voice of Kirtan of Guru Nanak, the faqir came and bowed before the Guru who blessed him with real Name. According to ‘Guru Nanak Chamatkar’[15.15] two memorials were created at Rajauli; one in the memory of the faqir and the other of Guru Nanak. According to one scholar “the antiquity of the Sangat was established, but there is no reference to Guru Nanak, nor was there any evidence available, oral or documentary, to support the traditional account given by the Punjabi authors.” Mahant Ram Ratan Buksh Das is presently managing the Sangat, who claims to be the seventh successor of Mahant Nanak Buksh Das. This Sangat is in fact the biggest of the Sangats in Bihar associated with the name of Guru Nanak and is situated in Rajauli town on Patna Ranchi main Road (NH-30) in an area of about four acres; covered by the building of the Sangat and the Bagicha attached to the Sangat. There are over fifty residential rooms in this two hundred years old building and the design of the inner side of the roomsreminds one of the designs of the rooms around parikrama of Sri Darbar Sahib Amritsar. In the Puja room of the Sangat is kept hundred year old hand written Bir of Sri Guru Granth Saheb and a few pictures of Hindu deities. There are certain Samadhs within the complex; the name of Baba Sadh Buksh Das is written in Gurumukhi on one of the Samadhs. A gate within the complex also mentions the name of Baba Gopal Buksh Das written in Gurumukhi. According to Mahant Ram Ratan Buksh Das, there is another branch of the Sangat situated at Akbarpur about fifteen kms away from Rajauli on the said Patna Ranchi Road. The Khankah of Faqir Kalhan Shah is situated at some distance from the Sangat. It is neatly kept and according to one Azhar Alam, is being managed by the Sunni Waqf Board through its local committee. The Faqir was said to have possessed miraculous powers. The dhooni is no longer burning today. [B]RAJGIR[/B] [ATTACH type="full"]22408[/ATTACH] [B]15.4 Gurdwara Baoli Sahib Rajgir 15.5 Gurdwara Baoli Sahib Rajgir 15.6 Sheetal Kund Rajgir[/B] Rajgir, the old Rajgraha, said to be one of the oldest cities of India and had been the capital of Jarasandh. It is considered sacred because it had long association with Lord Buddha and Lord Mahavira. According to Surinder Singh Kohli [15.16], the place is famous in the history of Buddhism because five hundred Buddhist monks met here to fix the Buddhist canon. Having stayed at Gaya for some days Guru Nanak visited Rajgir also known as Rajgriha.The absence of any mention ofNanak Kund or the visit of Guru Nanak at Rajgir, in the original Biographies of the Guru (Janam Sakhis) has created doubts in the mind of some scholars about the veracity of traditional account of this historic place. Rajgir Manji Sahib is about 20 miles from Gaya. It has the fort of Jarasindh and the lines of his chariot are still being shown. Three tanks of hot water remain full: these are called fountains of gods. The one in which Guru Nanak had bath is always cool. The fair is held in the month of Badhron.[15.17] Guru Nanak is believed to have a discourse with Buddhist and Jain monks and impressed upon the importance of devotion to God without renunciation: like a lotus. The city was surrounded by springs of hot water. Cool drinking water was not available to the people. The Guru pointed out to the people to dig a place. Lo! Cool water gushed out. The historical spring is known as Nanak Kund. Patna Gazetteer [15.18] refers to Sikh Gurudwara at the Kund. Kund is recorded in revenue records at Khata No. 332 and Khatauni No. 7690 of Mauza - Rajgir, District - Patna (now district Nalanda). During the last forty years, mainly with the untiring efforts of Bhai Ajaib Singh, the Gurudwara has been maintained and developed. Another complex of about ten residential rooms has also been constructed with the funds provided by the Prabandhak Committee,and the transporters and the Sangat of Gaya. Rajgir is fast developing as a socio-cultural center and Rajgir Mahotsav is organized every year. A large number of Sikh families from Mumbai and other parts of the country while visiting Patna for celebrating birthday of Guru Gobind Singh every year, congregate at Rajgir Gurudwara the next day. A special Diwan is held where local people also participate in large number. [B]PATNA SAHIB[/B] Patna, capital of Bihar State is reverently called Patna Sahib by the Sikhs because of its consecration by Guru Nanak Dev, Guru Tegh Bahadur and Guru Gobind Singh. The latter was born here during the holy family's sojourn at Patna during Guru Tegh Bahadur's tour of eastern Bihar, Bengal and Assam from 1666 to 1670. Patna Sahib is situated on the right bank of the River Ganges. The nearest railway station to the old city, where most of the Sikh shrines are located, is Patna Sahib, east of the main junction. [B]Hajipur (Patna) GURDWARA PEHLI PATSHAHI HAJIPUR PATNA[/B] [ATTACH type="full"]22400[/ATTACH] [B]15.7. Gurdwara Sonar Toli Patna associated with Guru Nanak, Guru Tegh Bahadur and Guru Gobind Singh Ji[/B] A kutcha road from Gaya led to the place which has since come to be known as Patna Sahib. Those days debris of the old city of Patliputra was extant. Passing through the debris and crossing the Ganga, Guru Nanak reached Hajipur which was a famous city those days. Hajipur is situated on the northern bank of the Ganges and opposite the city of Patna where the Gaṇḍakī River merges with the Ganges. After crossing the Ganges, the Guru sat on the site where now stands the Nanak Shahi Gurdwara. This place is in the Ram Chaura Mohalla in Harihar colony. [B]SALAS RAI OF HAJIPUR (PATNA):[/B] When Guru Nanak reached Hajipur, his companion Mardana was very hungry. Guru Nanak took out a gem from the earth, handed over to Mardana to sell it in the market and to take care of his hunger.The shopkeepers approached by Mardana offered meagre consideration for the gem which Mardana did not accept and came back. Guru Nanak then asked Mardana to go to Jauhri Tola of the city to sell the gem to Salas Rai. Salas Rai examined the gem and told Mardana that the gem was so precious that he could not afford to purchase it but he paid Mardana Rs. 100/- as Mehmani (for having a look at it) Mardana brought the amount and the gem before the Guru. According to Bhai Santokh Singh[15.19] Guru Nanak told Mardana that human life is like a precious jewel. Those who appreciate its real value recognize it and re-emerge with Eternal Reality while others simply waste their life in gratification of sensual pleasures. Guru Nanak asked Mardana to return the money, which Salasrai declined to accept back. Acknowledging the servant as special, alongwith his servant named Adharaka Salas Rai came to see the Guru. He also brought along some food which he presented to the Guru and said that earlier he considered Mardana a jewel with you but after meeting you I see jewels all around you. The Guru uttered the following hymn: In the pure, immaculate waters, both the lotus and the slimy scum are found. The lotus flower is with the scum and the water, but it remains untouched by any pollution. || 1 || You frog, you will never understand. You eat the dirt, while you dwell in the immaculate waters. You know nothing of the ambrosial nectar there. || 1 || Pause || You dwell continually in the water; the bumble bee does not dwell there, but it is intoxicated with its fragrance from afar. Intuitively sensing the moon in the distance, the lotus bows its head. || 2 || realms of nectar are irrigated with milk and honey; you think you are clever to live in the water. You can never escape your own inner tendencies, like the love of the flea for blood. || 3 || The fool may live with the Pandit, the religious scholar and listen to the Vedas and the Śāstras. You can never escape your own inner tendencies ,like the crooked tail of the dog. || 4 || Some are hypocrites; they do not merge with the Nām, the Name of the Lord. Some are absorbed in the Feet of the Lord, Har, Har. The mortals obtain what they are predestined to receive; O Nanak, with your tongue, chant the Nām. || 5 || [15.20] Salis Rai felt peace in his mind on listening to the hymn. He paid obeisance to the Guru and prayed that his offering be accepted. The Guru refused to accept money, but did accept the food. Salis Rai again prayed that he be assigned any service. The Guru advised him that it is not necessary that the virtue of Name is achieved only after acquiring some status. Therefore, one must not be proud of one’s higher social status. The Guru also told him that his subordinate Adharka was on way to realizing Name and that he (although a subordinate in social life) was spiritually higher than him. Therefore, he deserved to be held in esteem. Guru Nanak’s words produced such an impression on Salas Rai that he became Guru’s disciple and brought Guru Nanak to his house. A small community of Sikh believers was formed into what was known as Chhoti Sangat. The Guru stayed for about eight months (according to some scholars the period of stay is more than that) Bhai Vir Singh[15.21] narrates a lengthy discourse between Guru Nanak and Salas Rai, who converted his house (Haveli) as Guru Nanak Dharamshala- the first of its kind. It is said that Guru Nanak put his turban on the head of Salas Rai and appointed him as a Preacher of the area with the condition that after Salas Rai’s death his servant Adharaka, who had acquired spiritual enlightenment, shall became his successor. At the time of his departure, Guru Nanak professed that a Mahanpurkh (great person) shall take birth at this place.A new building comprising a spacious square hall with the sanctum in the middle was constructed during the 1980s. Ghanshyam, the great grand son of Adhrakha, the fourth successor of Salis Rai Johri's Sangat (now the birth place of Guru Gobind Singh ji) was also fortunate to get blessings from the ninth successor of Guru Nanak, as it was assured by Guru Nanak during his visit to this place. [15.22] [B]HARIHAR KSHETRA MELA:[/B] Dr. Surinder Singh Kohli mentions that Guru Nanak attended the fair at Harihar Kshetra about three miles from Patna on the northern bank of Ganges, where he attracted the people by his sermons on life. There was an old temple dedicated to Gajgrah near Hajipur. A fair, called the Sonpur fair, was held there on the full-moon night of the month of Kārtik each year. Many pilgrims came on that day. Even otherwise the devotees of Vishnu kept pouring in throughout the year. One day a devotee of Vishnu came to Guru Nanak and put him a question: “Mind seeks material wealth; material wealth cannot be attained without ego; and ego takes one away from God. How can one realize God?”In response, the Guru recited the following hymn: When the body perishes, whose wealth is it? Without the Guru, how can the Lord’s Name be obtained? The wealth of the Lord’s Name is my companion and helper.Night and day, centre your loving attentionon the Immaculate Lord. || 1 ||[15] This provided that Vaiṣṇavite the required solace and he fell at the Guru’s feet. The Guru spent some time at Hajipur and then proceeded eastwards.The fair is now called Sonepur Mela. According to Muzaffarpur Gazetteer(1958)[15.24] “The famous Sonepur fair in Saran district beyond Hajipur was previously held at Hajipur and only oblations were offered to deity at Sonepur.” A three day Prachar Camp is organized at Sonepur by the Prabandhak Committee Takht Sri Harimandir Ji, Patna Saheb every year at Kartik Purnima. Again, according to said Gazetteer, Hajipur subdivision was founded in the year 1865 and was comprised of Six Thanas - including Lalganj. It is said that sermons of Guru Nanak were so impressive and appealing that a number of Sangats were established in the area of Hajipur and Lalganj, which by now are non-existent. Lalganj (now in the district of Vaishali) has the distinction of having a century old rich library - Shri Sharda Sadan Pustkalaya. [B]GURDWARA GAU GHAT, PATNA [ATTACH type="full"]22399[/ATTACH][/B] [CENTER][B]15.8. Gurudwara Gau Ghat Alamganj Village Bhishambarpur, Patna City.[/B][/CENTER] From Hajipur, Guru Nanak came to the house of one Jaita Seth situated at a place called Bishambherpur (Janam Sakhis) near Pachhmi Darwaja of then walled city of Patna with a number of gates, on the southern bank of Ganges, within the jurisdiction of present Alamganj Police Station. Dr. Surinder Singh Kohli 15.25] has referred to this place as Pachhmi Darwaja Sangat where Guru Nanak stayed for sometime hence known as Gurdwara Pahila Bara as it is dedicated to Guru Nanak Dev, who during his visit to Patna in 1503 AD stayed here with Bhai Jaita, a pious man, confectioner by trade, who became the Guru's follower and later converted his house into a dharmsal. As per a local legend, Bhai Jaitamal, a man of great piety was 350 years old when he requested the Guru to secure his soul. Guru Nanak counselled patience and advised him to wait till the ninth Master blessed him. As the legend told by Avtar Singh, the priest of Gurudwara Gau Ghat, Jaitamal was much old for bathing in the River Ganga, but with the blessings of Guru Nanak he could. "Bhai Jaitamal prayed to the Guru to give him strength to bathe in the river Ganga. Guruji told Jaitamal that he need not go to the river; the river would come to him. Guru Nanak converted the river Ganga to a cow. The spot is still there where Bhai Jaitamal used to bathe," The congregation that gathered here came to be called Bari Sangat or Gau Ghat Sangat. It is about 4 kilometers from Harimandir Saheb, on the Ashok Raj Path, Alamganj amidst the Patna Railway Junction and Takhat Sri Patna Sahib. Gurudwara Gau Ghat Sahib is the oldest Gurudwara even older than Takhat Shri Hari Mandir Sahib Ji Patna Sahib. [B]GURDWARA GURU KA BAG, PATNA[/B] [ATTACH type="full"]22398[/ATTACH] [CENTER][B]15.8.Gurdwara Guru ka Baag Patna[/B][/CENTER] In 1666, Guru Tegh Bahadur blessed Bhai Jaitamal. The Ninth Guru, along with his family stayed in Patna for four months and made the place popular among the followers of Guru Nanak. The gurudwara preserves many sacred relics such as the bed, a grindstone of Mata Gujri, the musical instrument, Rebeck of Bhai Mardana, the window of the house of Bhai Jaitamal and Thara Sahib where Guru Tegh Bahadur sat. Devotees offer chola or clothes at Tham Sahib, the wooden pillars. It is believed that an unequal pair of wood was brought for the construction, which was later corrected by Guru Tegh Bahudar. Since then, devotees pay obeisance to the pillars. "If someone finds it difficult to marry or secure a job, his wishes are fulfilled. An offering of Chola (a piece of cloth) is made to the Tham Sahib. Hindus, Muslims and people of all religions come here and each has his wish fulfilled," said a devotee. The place was obviously used to be managed by Mahants, Baba Mangal Singh being the last Mahant, appointed as such by Baba Mukand Singh Mahant of Sri Harimandir Ji, Patna (1913 - 1930). According to S. Balbir Singh Sethi, it was at the instance of his grand father Baba Mukand Singh that a Bir of Guru Granth Saheb was taken in a decorated Palki from Sri Harimandir Ji, and installed at this Gurudwara. After the death of Baba Mangal Singh, his sons Didar Singh and Ranjit Singh transferred this shrine in favour of Prabandhak Committee in the year 1972. [B]GURDWARA JANAM ASTHAN GURU GOBIND SINGH JI[/B] [ATTACH type="full"]22401[/ATTACH] [B]15.9. GURDWARA JANAM ASTHAN GURU GOBIND SINGH JI GURDWARA BAL LILA, PATNA[/B] [ATTACH type="full"]22397[/ATTACH] [B]15.10. Gurdwara Bal Lila, Patna GURDWARA KANGAN GHAT[/B] [ATTACH type="full"]22395[/ATTACH] [B] 15.11. Gurdwara Kangan Ghat, Patna GURDWARA HANDI SAHIB [ATTACH type="full"]22394[/ATTACH] 15.12. Gurdwara Handi Sahib Patna TWICE BLESSED PATNA: [/B]The Haveli of Salas Rai, where Guru Nanak stayed became a centre of preaching. On his way to Assam, Guru Tegh Bahadur stayed with his family first at Bhai Jaita’s place and later on the family was shifted to Salas Rai’s Haveli, in compliance with a Hukumnama issued by Guru Tegh Bahadur. It was in this Haveli that Guru Gobind Singh was born. The Janamasthan of Guru Gobind Singh is now known as Takht Sri Harimandir Ji, Patna Saheb. In one of his Hukumnamas Guru Tegh Bahadur bestowed Patna with the title of Guru Ka Ghar. The old single storeyed Janamasthan has now come up to a majestic five storeyed Gurudwara building with three big langar halls, about three hundred residential rooms for the pilgrims, constructed from time to time with the efforts and under the supervision of Sant Nishchal Singh Ji of Yamuna Nagar, Sant Kartar Singh Ji of Sultanpur and Baba Harbans Singh Ji K{censored}wa Wale. A separate V.I.P. complex with thirty six modern rooms known as Salas Rai Jauhri Niwas is reminiscent of the services rendered by the enlightened Jauhri to Guru Nanak and the people of his faith. Suffice it to say that the seeds of human love, peace and devotion to God sown by Guru Nanak in Salas Rai Haveli have now grown into a flower of religio-¬political center of Eastern India in the form of a Takht (seat of authority) to preserve and promote Guru Nanak-Guru Gobind Singh doctrine of Universal Brotherhood through the offices of a fifteen-member Prabandhak Committee to be approved by the District Judge of Patna, in exercise of powers vested in him under the Religious Endowment Act, 1863.[15.26] [B]MONGHER[/B] [ATTACH type="full"]22396[/ATTACH] [CENTER][B]15.13. Gurdwara Pakki Sangat Mungher[/B][/CENTER] Mongher, a district town, 170 kilometres east of Patna Sahib by rail, is another place where Guru Nanak is known to have stayed during his eastward journey. On his way to Bhagalpur, Guru Nanak stayed at Mongher, old Mudagagir. According to Dr Kohli from Bodh Gaya Guru Nanak reached Mongher or the old Mudgiri [15.27][15.28] Guru Tegh Bahadur also visited the place. It was during his stay here that he got the news of the birth of Guru Gobind Singh. The commemorative shrine Gurdwara Pakki (lit. firm or permanent) Sangat is in Belan Bazar area near the ld fort. Its old building was damaged badly by the 1934 earthquake, it was, however, rebuilt within a year. It is a rectangular room with a verandah in front and is served by Brahaman priests. Two relics, a cot and a pillow said to have been used by the Guru during his stay here, are kept in the same room where Guru Granth Sahib is seated. [15.29] Hukumnama issued by Guru Tegh Bahadur from Mongher containing the following instructions: “kabila humne Patne mein chhora hai. koi haweli hove bari tismein kabila haamara rakhna. Asi pare raje ka sath gaye hain.” A Birh of Guru Granth Saheb used to be installed in this Gurdwara. On enquiry, Vaid Anant Das stated that the said Sri Guru Granth Saheb has been taken away by some Sikhs from Punjab, but he could not give any positive particulars. To trace the history of development of this Sangat and the line of succession through which Mahant Ramratanbux Das has come to be the Gadi Nashin of this Sangat. There is a gurdwara at the site where the Guru stayed. [B]BHAGALPUR[/B] [CENTER][ATTACH type="full"]22402[/ATTACH][/CENTER] [B] 15.14. Gurdwara Badi Sangat Bhagalpur[/B] Bhagalpur, another district town on the right bank of the Ganges, 63 km east of Mongher by rail was visited by Guru Nanak after Mongher. At Bhagalpur Guru Nanak stayed at a place in a corner of the city where a memorial was erected near Boorha Nath Mandir in the area known as Jogsar. The memorial is being managed by Lachhmi Devi, widow of Sant Saran Das. Her daughter and son-in-law are also residing with her. An old hand-written Bir of Guru Granth Saheb is also installed in the house. Sr. Tirlochan Singh, Secretary Sri Guru Singh Sabha, Bhagalpur led by the team of Guru Nanak Dev University to Chhoti Sangat situated in Mathra Das Ghosh lane in Jogsar, sanctified by the visit of Guru Tegh Bahadur. The two storeyed Gurdwara is being neatly kept and managed by local Sikhs, with Bhai Jaspal Singh as Granthi. A Sikh officer of N.C.C. lives with his family in the upper floor of the Gurdwara. It had two Sikh Sangats when Guru Tegh Bahadur visited it in 1667. Guru Tegh Bahadur is said to have stayed at Bari Sangat on Boorhanath Ghat of which what is left is a stone slab, still considered holy. Over it Sardar Inder Singh Atwal got a room built in 1974. On every amavas, Guru Granth Sahib is brought from Grudwara Singh Sabha in the interior of the town and a congregation is held here with the holy book placed on the old slab called Chauki Sahib. The place itself is named Gurdwara Bari Sangat Sri Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji Chauki Sahib. An old hand-written copy of Guru of Guru Granth Sahib acquired from the former Udasi priest of the shrine is preserved in Gurdwara Singh Sabha. The other place, Chhoti Sangat, also on the Ghat a little distance away from Bari Sangat has since been converted into a Hindu temple.[15.30] [B]Baidyanath Dham[/B] Dr. Ved Prakash and Surinder Singh Kohli make mention of Guru Nanak’s visit to Baidyanath Dham in the district of Deoghar. [B]References[/B] 15.1. Drs. Fauja Singh - Kripal Singh, Atlas-Travels of Guru Nanak” 15.2. Dr. Trilochan Singh, Guru Nanak - A Biography 15.3. Gyani Gian Singh Twareekh Guru Khalsa 15.4 Gyani Lal Singh Sangrur Khalsa Twareekh 15.5. Surinder Singh Kohli Travels of Guru Nanak 15.6. Bhai Vir Singh,Guru Nanak Chamatkar 15.7. Joginder Singh Jogi,Advocate and forer President Takht, Sri Patna Sahib. (Bihar) 15.8. Dr. Ved Prakash in “The Sikhs in Bihar” (Thesis submitted by him for his doctorate and later on published by Janki Prakashan, Patna”) 15.9. Bhai Vir Singh,Guru Nanak Chamatkar 15.10. Dr. Ved Prakash in “The Sikhs in Bihar” Thesis submitted by him for his doctorate and later on published by Janki Prakashan, Patna” 15.11. Gyani Gyan Singh, 1997, Gurdham Sangreh, Sri Amritsar, Dharam Parchar Committee SGPC, 15 December p.39) 15.12. Dr. Ganda Singh, The Sikh Gurus at Gaya, April 1984, Punjab Past and PVIII-I Srno 35., pp. 13-16 15.13. Sri Guru Granth Sahib, p. 358 15.14. Gurmukh Singh, September 1995, Sikh Shrines, Amritsar, Singh Bros, p.331 15.15. Bhai Vir Singh Guru Nanak Chamatkar 15.16. Dr Surinder Singh Kohi, Travels of Guru Nanak 15.17. Gyani Gian Singh, 1997, Gurdham Sangreh, Sri Amritsar, Dharam Parchar Committee SGPC, 15 December p.39 15.18 Patna Gazetteer, 1991, p. 101 15.19. Bhai Santokh Singh, Suraj Prakash-Jeewan Dus Guru Sahiban¬Translation in verse 15.20. Guru Granth Sahib. p. 990 15.21. Bhai Vir Singh [3] in Guru Nanak Chamatkar 15.22. Gurmukh Singh, September 1995, Sikh Shrines, Amritsar, Singh Bros, p.329-331) 15.23. Sri Guru Granth Sahib, p. 416 15.24. Muzaffarpur Gazetteer,1958 15.25. Dr. Surinder Singh Kohli, Travels of Guru Nanak. 15.26. Singh Jogi, Advocate and former President Takht, Sri Patna Sahib. (Bihar) 15.27.Surinder Singh Kohli, Travels of Guru Nanak 15.28. Gurmukh Singh, September 1995, Sikh Shrines, Amritsar, Singh Bros, p.331-332 15.29. Joginder Singh Jogi, Guru Nanak’s Travels in Bihar: A Historical Perspective 15.30 Gurmukh Singh, September 1995, Sikh Shrines, Amritsar, Singh Bros, p.332. [/QUOTE]
Insert quotes…
Verification
Post reply
Discussions
Sikh Sikhi Sikhism
Travels of Guru Nanak: A Brief
This site uses cookies to help personalise content, tailor your experience and to keep you logged in if you register.
By continuing to use this site, you are consenting to our use of cookies.
Accept
Learn more…
Top