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Guru Granth Sahib
Composition, Arrangement & Layout
ਜਪੁ | Jup
ਸੋ ਦਰੁ | So Dar
ਸੋਹਿਲਾ | Sohilaa
ਰਾਗੁ ਸਿਰੀਰਾਗੁ | Raag Siree-Raag
Gurbani (14-53)
Ashtpadiyan (53-71)
Gurbani (71-74)
Pahre (74-78)
Chhant (78-81)
Vanjara (81-82)
Vaar Siri Raag (83-91)
Bhagat Bani (91-93)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਝ | Raag Maajh
Gurbani (94-109)
Ashtpadi (109)
Ashtpadiyan (110-129)
Ashtpadi (129-130)
Ashtpadiyan (130-133)
Bara Maha (133-136)
Din Raen (136-137)
Vaar Maajh Ki (137-150)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗਉੜੀ | Raag Gauree
Gurbani (151-185)
Quartets/Couplets (185-220)
Ashtpadiyan (220-234)
Karhalei (234-235)
Ashtpadiyan (235-242)
Chhant (242-249)
Baavan Akhari (250-262)
Sukhmani (262-296)
Thittee (296-300)
Gauree kii Vaar (300-323)
Gurbani (323-330)
Ashtpadiyan (330-340)
Baavan Akhari (340-343)
Thintteen (343-344)
Vaar Kabir (344-345)
Bhagat Bani (345-346)
ਰਾਗੁ ਆਸਾ | Raag Aasaa
Gurbani (347-348)
Chaupaday (348-364)
Panchpadde (364-365)
Kaafee (365-409)
Aasaavaree (409-411)
Ashtpadiyan (411-432)
Patee (432-435)
Chhant (435-462)
Vaar Aasaa (462-475)
Bhagat Bani (475-488)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗੂਜਰੀ | Raag Goojaree
Gurbani (489-503)
Ashtpadiyan (503-508)
Vaar Gujari (508-517)
Vaar Gujari (517-526)
ਰਾਗੁ ਦੇਵਗੰਧਾਰੀ | Raag Dayv-Gandhaaree
Gurbani (527-536)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਿਹਾਗੜਾ | Raag Bihaagraa
Gurbani (537-556)
Chhant (538-548)
Vaar Bihaagraa (548-556)
ਰਾਗੁ ਵਡਹੰਸ | Raag Wadhans
Gurbani (557-564)
Ashtpadiyan (564-565)
Chhant (565-575)
Ghoriaan (575-578)
Alaahaniiaa (578-582)
Vaar Wadhans (582-594)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸੋਰਠਿ | Raag Sorath
Gurbani (595-634)
Asatpadhiya (634-642)
Vaar Sorath (642-659)
ਰਾਗੁ ਧਨਾਸਰੀ | Raag Dhanasaree
Gurbani (660-685)
Astpadhiya (685-687)
Chhant (687-691)
Bhagat Bani (691-695)
ਰਾਗੁ ਜੈਤਸਰੀ | Raag Jaitsree
Gurbani (696-703)
Chhant (703-705)
Vaar Jaitsaree (705-710)
Bhagat Bani (710)
ਰਾਗੁ ਟੋਡੀ | Raag Todee
ਰਾਗੁ ਬੈਰਾੜੀ | Raag Bairaaree
ਰਾਗੁ ਤਿਲੰਗ | Raag Tilang
Gurbani (721-727)
Bhagat Bani (727)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸੂਹੀ | Raag Suhi
Gurbani (728-750)
Ashtpadiyan (750-761)
Kaafee (761-762)
Suchajee (762)
Gunvantee (763)
Chhant (763-785)
Vaar Soohee (785-792)
Bhagat Bani (792-794)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਿਲਾਵਲੁ | Raag Bilaaval
Gurbani (795-831)
Ashtpadiyan (831-838)
Thitteen (838-840)
Vaar Sat (841-843)
Chhant (843-848)
Vaar Bilaaval (849-855)
Bhagat Bani (855-858)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗੋਂਡ | Raag Gond
Gurbani (859-869)
Ashtpadiyan (869)
Bhagat Bani (870-875)
ਰਾਗੁ ਰਾਮਕਲੀ | Raag Ramkalee
Ashtpadiyan (902-916)
Gurbani (876-902)
Anand (917-922)
Sadd (923-924)
Chhant (924-929)
Dakhnee (929-938)
Sidh Gosat (938-946)
Vaar Ramkalee (947-968)
ਰਾਗੁ ਨਟ ਨਾਰਾਇਨ | Raag Nat Narayan
Gurbani (975-980)
Ashtpadiyan (980-983)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਲੀ ਗਉੜਾ | Raag Maalee Gauraa
Gurbani (984-988)
Bhagat Bani (988)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਰੂ | Raag Maaroo
Gurbani (889-1008)
Ashtpadiyan (1008-1014)
Kaafee (1014-1016)
Ashtpadiyan (1016-1019)
Anjulian (1019-1020)
Solhe (1020-1033)
Dakhni (1033-1043)
ਰਾਗੁ ਤੁਖਾਰੀ | Raag Tukhaari
Bara Maha (1107-1110)
Chhant (1110-1117)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕੇਦਾਰਾ | Raag Kedara
Gurbani (1118-1123)
Bhagat Bani (1123-1124)
ਰਾਗੁ ਭੈਰਉ | Raag Bhairo
Gurbani (1125-1152)
Partaal (1153)
Ashtpadiyan (1153-1167)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਸੰਤੁ | Raag Basant
Gurbani (1168-1187)
Ashtpadiyan (1187-1193)
Vaar Basant (1193-1196)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸਾਰਗ | Raag Saarag
Gurbani (1197-1200)
Partaal (1200-1231)
Ashtpadiyan (1232-1236)
Chhant (1236-1237)
Vaar Saarang (1237-1253)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਲਾਰ | Raag Malaar
Gurbani (1254-1293)
Partaal (1265-1273)
Ashtpadiyan (1273-1278)
Chhant (1278)
Vaar Malaar (1278-91)
Bhagat Bani (1292-93)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕਾਨੜਾ | Raag Kaanraa
Gurbani (1294-96)
Partaal (1296-1318)
Ashtpadiyan (1308-1312)
Chhant (1312)
Vaar Kaanraa
Bhagat Bani (1318)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕਲਿਆਨ | Raag Kalyaan
Gurbani (1319-23)
Ashtpadiyan (1323-26)
ਰਾਗੁ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਤੀ | Raag Prabhaatee
Gurbani (1327-1341)
Ashtpadiyan (1342-51)
ਰਾਗੁ ਜੈਜਾਵੰਤੀ | Raag Jaijaiwanti
Gurbani (1352-53)
Salok | Gatha | Phunahe | Chaubole | Swayiye
Sehskritee Mahala 1
Sehskritee Mahala 5
Gaathaa Mahala 5
Phunhay Mahala 5
Chaubolae Mahala 5
Shaloks Bhagat Kabir
Shaloks Sheikh Farid
Swaiyyae Mahala 5
Swaiyyae in Praise of Gurus
Shaloks in Addition To Vaars
Shalok Ninth Mehl
Mundavanee Mehl 5
ਰਾਗ ਮਾਲਾ, Raag Maalaa
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<blockquote data-quote="Astroboy" data-source="post: 81197" data-attributes="member: 4990"><p><strong><a href="http://www.universetoday.com/2008/04/10/why-pluto-is-no-longer-a-planet/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #467aa7">Why Pluto is No Longer a Planet</span></a></strong></p><p></p><p>Written by <a href="http://www.universetoday.com/author/admin/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #467aa7">Fraser Cain</span></a></p><p> </p><p>This has got to be be one of the most heartbreaking questions I get asked, "Why Isn't <a href="http://www.universetoday.com/guide-to-space/pluto/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #467aa7">Pluto</span></a> a Planet". And I get it a lot. I was expecting that a few years after the International Astronomical Union's controversial decision, the debate would have settled down and people would finally accept it. But no, it's still a sore point for many people - <a href="http://www.universetoday.com/2008/04/10/why-pluto-is-no-longer-a-planet/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #467aa7">Pluto is not a planet</span></a> (let that sink in). In this article, I'll explain the events that led up to the decision, the current state of planetary definition, and any hope <a href="http://www.universetoday.com/guide-to-space/pluto/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #467aa7">Pluto</span></a> has for the future. Let's find out why Pluto is no longer considered a planet.</p><p></p><p> </p><p>Pluto was first discovered in 1930 by Clyde W. Tombaugh at the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff Arizona. Astronomers had long predicted that there would be a ninth planet in the Solar System, which they called Planet X. Only 22 at the time, Tombaugh was given the laborious task of comparing photographic plates. These were two images of a region of the sky, taken two weeks apart. Any moving object, like an asteroid, comet or planet, would appear to jump from one photograph to the next. </p><p>After a year of observations, Tombaugh finally discovered an object in the right orbit, and declared that he had discovered Planet X. Because they had discovered it, the Lowell team were allowed to name it. They settled on Pluto, a name suggested by an 11-year old school girl in Oxford, England (no, it wasn't named after the Disney character, but the Roman god of the underworld).</p><p>The Solar System now had 9 planets.</p><p>Astronomers weren't sure about Pluto's mass until the discovery of its <a href="http://www.universetoday.com/guide-to-space/pluto/plutos-moon-charon/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #467aa7">largest Moon, Charon</span></a>, in 1978. And by knowing its mass (0.0021 Earths), they could more accurately gauge its size. The most accurate measurement currently gives the <a href="http://www.universetoday.com/guide-to-space/pluto/diameter-of-pluto/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #467aa7">size of Pluto</span></a> at 2,400 km (1,500 miles) across. Although this is small, <a href="http://www.universetoday.com/guide-to-space/mercury/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #467aa7">Mercury</span></a> is only 4,880 km (3,032 miles) across. Pluto is tiny, but it was considered larger than anything else past the orbit of Neptune.</p><p>Over the last few decades, powerful new ground and space-based observatories have completely changed previous understanding of the outer Solar System. Instead of being the only planet in its region, like the rest of the Solar System, <a href="http://www.universetoday.com/guide-to-space/pluto/moons-of-pluto/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #467aa7">Pluto and its moons</span></a> are now known to be just a large example of a collection of objects called the Kuiper Belt. This region extends from the orbit of Neptune out to 55 astronomical units (55 times the distance of the <a href="http://www.universetoday.com/guide-to-space/earth/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #467aa7">Earth</span></a> to the Sun).</p><p>Astronomers estimate that there are at least 70,000 icy objects, with the same <a href="http://www.universetoday.com/guide-to-space/pluto/what-is-pluto-made-up-of/" target="_blank"><span style="color: #467aa7">composition as Pluto</span></a>, that measure 100 km across or more in the Kuiper Belt. And according to the new rules, Pluto is not a planet. It's just another Kuiper Belt object.</p><p> </p><p><strong><a href="http://www.universetoday.com/author/admin/" target="_blank">http://www.universetoday.com/author/admin/</a> </strong></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="Astroboy, post: 81197, member: 4990"] [B][URL="http://www.universetoday.com/2008/04/10/why-pluto-is-no-longer-a-planet/"][COLOR=#467aa7]Why Pluto is No Longer a Planet[/COLOR][/URL][/B] Written by [URL="http://www.universetoday.com/author/admin/"][COLOR=#467aa7]Fraser Cain[/COLOR][/URL] This has got to be be one of the most heartbreaking questions I get asked, "Why Isn't [URL="http://www.universetoday.com/guide-to-space/pluto/"][COLOR=#467aa7]Pluto[/COLOR][/URL] a Planet". And I get it a lot. I was expecting that a few years after the International Astronomical Union's controversial decision, the debate would have settled down and people would finally accept it. But no, it's still a sore point for many people - [URL="http://www.universetoday.com/2008/04/10/why-pluto-is-no-longer-a-planet/"][COLOR=#467aa7]Pluto is not a planet[/COLOR][/URL] (let that sink in). In this article, I'll explain the events that led up to the decision, the current state of planetary definition, and any hope [URL="http://www.universetoday.com/guide-to-space/pluto/"][COLOR=#467aa7]Pluto[/COLOR][/URL] has for the future. Let's find out why Pluto is no longer considered a planet. Pluto was first discovered in 1930 by Clyde W. Tombaugh at the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff Arizona. Astronomers had long predicted that there would be a ninth planet in the Solar System, which they called Planet X. Only 22 at the time, Tombaugh was given the laborious task of comparing photographic plates. These were two images of a region of the sky, taken two weeks apart. Any moving object, like an asteroid, comet or planet, would appear to jump from one photograph to the next. After a year of observations, Tombaugh finally discovered an object in the right orbit, and declared that he had discovered Planet X. Because they had discovered it, the Lowell team were allowed to name it. They settled on Pluto, a name suggested by an 11-year old school girl in Oxford, England (no, it wasn't named after the Disney character, but the Roman god of the underworld). The Solar System now had 9 planets. Astronomers weren't sure about Pluto's mass until the discovery of its [URL="http://www.universetoday.com/guide-to-space/pluto/plutos-moon-charon/"][COLOR=#467aa7]largest Moon, Charon[/COLOR][/URL], in 1978. And by knowing its mass (0.0021 Earths), they could more accurately gauge its size. The most accurate measurement currently gives the [URL="http://www.universetoday.com/guide-to-space/pluto/diameter-of-pluto/"][COLOR=#467aa7]size of Pluto[/COLOR][/URL] at 2,400 km (1,500 miles) across. Although this is small, [URL="http://www.universetoday.com/guide-to-space/mercury/"][COLOR=#467aa7]Mercury[/COLOR][/URL] is only 4,880 km (3,032 miles) across. Pluto is tiny, but it was considered larger than anything else past the orbit of Neptune. Over the last few decades, powerful new ground and space-based observatories have completely changed previous understanding of the outer Solar System. Instead of being the only planet in its region, like the rest of the Solar System, [URL="http://www.universetoday.com/guide-to-space/pluto/moons-of-pluto/"][COLOR=#467aa7]Pluto and its moons[/COLOR][/URL] are now known to be just a large example of a collection of objects called the Kuiper Belt. This region extends from the orbit of Neptune out to 55 astronomical units (55 times the distance of the [URL="http://www.universetoday.com/guide-to-space/earth/"][COLOR=#467aa7]Earth[/COLOR][/URL] to the Sun). Astronomers estimate that there are at least 70,000 icy objects, with the same [URL="http://www.universetoday.com/guide-to-space/pluto/what-is-pluto-made-up-of/"][COLOR=#467aa7]composition as Pluto[/COLOR][/URL], that measure 100 km across or more in the Kuiper Belt. And according to the new rules, Pluto is not a planet. It's just another Kuiper Belt object. [B][URL="http://www.universetoday.com/author/admin/"][COLOR=#467aa7][/COLOR][/URL] [/B] [/QUOTE]
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