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Guru Granth Sahib
Composition, Arrangement & Layout
ਜਪੁ | Jup
ਸੋ ਦਰੁ | So Dar
ਸੋਹਿਲਾ | Sohilaa
ਰਾਗੁ ਸਿਰੀਰਾਗੁ | Raag Siree-Raag
Gurbani (14-53)
Ashtpadiyan (53-71)
Gurbani (71-74)
Pahre (74-78)
Chhant (78-81)
Vanjara (81-82)
Vaar Siri Raag (83-91)
Bhagat Bani (91-93)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਝ | Raag Maajh
Gurbani (94-109)
Ashtpadi (109)
Ashtpadiyan (110-129)
Ashtpadi (129-130)
Ashtpadiyan (130-133)
Bara Maha (133-136)
Din Raen (136-137)
Vaar Maajh Ki (137-150)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗਉੜੀ | Raag Gauree
Gurbani (151-185)
Quartets/Couplets (185-220)
Ashtpadiyan (220-234)
Karhalei (234-235)
Ashtpadiyan (235-242)
Chhant (242-249)
Baavan Akhari (250-262)
Sukhmani (262-296)
Thittee (296-300)
Gauree kii Vaar (300-323)
Gurbani (323-330)
Ashtpadiyan (330-340)
Baavan Akhari (340-343)
Thintteen (343-344)
Vaar Kabir (344-345)
Bhagat Bani (345-346)
ਰਾਗੁ ਆਸਾ | Raag Aasaa
Gurbani (347-348)
Chaupaday (348-364)
Panchpadde (364-365)
Kaafee (365-409)
Aasaavaree (409-411)
Ashtpadiyan (411-432)
Patee (432-435)
Chhant (435-462)
Vaar Aasaa (462-475)
Bhagat Bani (475-488)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗੂਜਰੀ | Raag Goojaree
Gurbani (489-503)
Ashtpadiyan (503-508)
Vaar Gujari (508-517)
Vaar Gujari (517-526)
ਰਾਗੁ ਦੇਵਗੰਧਾਰੀ | Raag Dayv-Gandhaaree
Gurbani (527-536)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਿਹਾਗੜਾ | Raag Bihaagraa
Gurbani (537-556)
Chhant (538-548)
Vaar Bihaagraa (548-556)
ਰਾਗੁ ਵਡਹੰਸ | Raag Wadhans
Gurbani (557-564)
Ashtpadiyan (564-565)
Chhant (565-575)
Ghoriaan (575-578)
Alaahaniiaa (578-582)
Vaar Wadhans (582-594)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸੋਰਠਿ | Raag Sorath
Gurbani (595-634)
Asatpadhiya (634-642)
Vaar Sorath (642-659)
ਰਾਗੁ ਧਨਾਸਰੀ | Raag Dhanasaree
Gurbani (660-685)
Astpadhiya (685-687)
Chhant (687-691)
Bhagat Bani (691-695)
ਰਾਗੁ ਜੈਤਸਰੀ | Raag Jaitsree
Gurbani (696-703)
Chhant (703-705)
Vaar Jaitsaree (705-710)
Bhagat Bani (710)
ਰਾਗੁ ਟੋਡੀ | Raag Todee
ਰਾਗੁ ਬੈਰਾੜੀ | Raag Bairaaree
ਰਾਗੁ ਤਿਲੰਗ | Raag Tilang
Gurbani (721-727)
Bhagat Bani (727)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸੂਹੀ | Raag Suhi
Gurbani (728-750)
Ashtpadiyan (750-761)
Kaafee (761-762)
Suchajee (762)
Gunvantee (763)
Chhant (763-785)
Vaar Soohee (785-792)
Bhagat Bani (792-794)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਿਲਾਵਲੁ | Raag Bilaaval
Gurbani (795-831)
Ashtpadiyan (831-838)
Thitteen (838-840)
Vaar Sat (841-843)
Chhant (843-848)
Vaar Bilaaval (849-855)
Bhagat Bani (855-858)
ਰਾਗੁ ਗੋਂਡ | Raag Gond
Gurbani (859-869)
Ashtpadiyan (869)
Bhagat Bani (870-875)
ਰਾਗੁ ਰਾਮਕਲੀ | Raag Ramkalee
Ashtpadiyan (902-916)
Gurbani (876-902)
Anand (917-922)
Sadd (923-924)
Chhant (924-929)
Dakhnee (929-938)
Sidh Gosat (938-946)
Vaar Ramkalee (947-968)
ਰਾਗੁ ਨਟ ਨਾਰਾਇਨ | Raag Nat Narayan
Gurbani (975-980)
Ashtpadiyan (980-983)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਲੀ ਗਉੜਾ | Raag Maalee Gauraa
Gurbani (984-988)
Bhagat Bani (988)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਾਰੂ | Raag Maaroo
Gurbani (889-1008)
Ashtpadiyan (1008-1014)
Kaafee (1014-1016)
Ashtpadiyan (1016-1019)
Anjulian (1019-1020)
Solhe (1020-1033)
Dakhni (1033-1043)
ਰਾਗੁ ਤੁਖਾਰੀ | Raag Tukhaari
Bara Maha (1107-1110)
Chhant (1110-1117)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕੇਦਾਰਾ | Raag Kedara
Gurbani (1118-1123)
Bhagat Bani (1123-1124)
ਰਾਗੁ ਭੈਰਉ | Raag Bhairo
Gurbani (1125-1152)
Partaal (1153)
Ashtpadiyan (1153-1167)
ਰਾਗੁ ਬਸੰਤੁ | Raag Basant
Gurbani (1168-1187)
Ashtpadiyan (1187-1193)
Vaar Basant (1193-1196)
ਰਾਗੁ ਸਾਰਗ | Raag Saarag
Gurbani (1197-1200)
Partaal (1200-1231)
Ashtpadiyan (1232-1236)
Chhant (1236-1237)
Vaar Saarang (1237-1253)
ਰਾਗੁ ਮਲਾਰ | Raag Malaar
Gurbani (1254-1293)
Partaal (1265-1273)
Ashtpadiyan (1273-1278)
Chhant (1278)
Vaar Malaar (1278-91)
Bhagat Bani (1292-93)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕਾਨੜਾ | Raag Kaanraa
Gurbani (1294-96)
Partaal (1296-1318)
Ashtpadiyan (1308-1312)
Chhant (1312)
Vaar Kaanraa
Bhagat Bani (1318)
ਰਾਗੁ ਕਲਿਆਨ | Raag Kalyaan
Gurbani (1319-23)
Ashtpadiyan (1323-26)
ਰਾਗੁ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਤੀ | Raag Prabhaatee
Gurbani (1327-1341)
Ashtpadiyan (1342-51)
ਰਾਗੁ ਜੈਜਾਵੰਤੀ | Raag Jaijaiwanti
Gurbani (1352-53)
Salok | Gatha | Phunahe | Chaubole | Swayiye
Sehskritee Mahala 1
Sehskritee Mahala 5
Gaathaa Mahala 5
Phunhay Mahala 5
Chaubolae Mahala 5
Shaloks Bhagat Kabir
Shaloks Sheikh Farid
Swaiyyae Mahala 5
Swaiyyae in Praise of Gurus
Shaloks in Addition To Vaars
Shalok Ninth Mehl
Mundavanee Mehl 5
ਰਾਗ ਮਾਲਾ, Raag Maalaa
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<blockquote data-quote="Sinister" data-source="post: 122702" data-attributes="member: 2684"><p></p><p> </p><p><span style="color: black"><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'">it is not that simple. </span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="color: black"><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'">In-vivo you are somewhat right, the reaction is exothermic;</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="color: black"><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'">DNA is formed by the ATP+nucleoside reaction that causes fission of a phoshphate molecule that releases around 9 Kcal, so accordingly with respect to its surroundings it is an exothermic reaction</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="color: black"><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'">this also puts DNA in an stable energy trough that contributes to it's stability within the nucleus. but that is meaningless if you consider the body as a whole that maintains the DNA. </span></span></p><p> </p><p><u><span style="color: black"><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'">The term “exothermic” is solely dependant on how you define the parameters of the closed system.</span></span></u><span style="color: black"><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'"> for example, where did that ATP+nucleoside come from?...There was obviously an equally energetic and reversible endothermic reaction responsible for its construction from ADP+nucleoside from an ATP. And lets not even get into the construction of the sugar backbones themselves yet.</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="color: black"><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'">so when you start thinking of things such as abiogenesis...you are no longer privy to use a cell environment as a system. But must consider a more open system.</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="color: black"><span style="font-family: 'Verdana'">Out of the cell, in the environment, or in vitro, we do not know whether RNA or TNA or DNA replicates in a spontaneous exothermic reaction. One could also assume it was endothermic (because we are creating bonds).</span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="color: #001f4b"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Entropy (S) decreases as order increases and Entropy increases as disorder increases. </span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="color: #001f4b">dS(universe)=dS (system) + dS (surroundings) > 0</span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="color: #001f4b">Because the construction of TNA or RNA or DNA decreases the entropy of the atomic particles participating, dS (system)<0. </span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="color: black"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'">dS= q (reversible) / T (temperature)</span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="color: black"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'">we know that q (reversible) is the heat added to the system undergoing a reversible process (a process that proceeds with infinitesimal changes in the systems conditions)</span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="color: black"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'">therefore dS (system) (just the molecules participating) < 0 </span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="color: black"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'">which also means q(reversible) / T < 0 </span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="color: black"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'">which indicates an endothermic reaction with the parameters set to just the molecule. </span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="color: black"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'">So bring out a bomb calorimeter and all your soup like reactants that can, </span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="color: black"><span style="font-size: 12px">a)</span> </span><span style="color: black"><span style="font-size: 12px">synthesize ribose sugars </span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="color: black"><span style="font-size: 12px">b)</span> </span><span style="color: black"><span style="font-size: 12px">synthesize sticky phosphate groups</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="color: black"><span style="font-size: 12px">c)</span> </span><span style="color: black"><span style="font-size: 12px">synthesize Nucleotide bases</span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><span style="color: black"><span style="font-size: 12px">d)</span> </span><span style="color: black"><span style="font-size: 12px">Mimic synthesizing a stable RNA structure in a natural environment (step by step). Without the help of the machinery of a cell and its enzymes.</span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="color: black"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Oh and did I mention that this RNA has to be self-replicating in order for the theory to work? Meaning an existing pool of nucleotides have to be synthesized, and then these nucleotides have to be energized by phosphates so that they become sticky and make a backbone (which would require a continous stream of energy being put into the system from outside). </span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="color: black"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'">With the parameters of such a mechanism mapped out above, my most educated guess is that this would be an non-spontaneous endothermic reaction (requiring a tremendous amount of organization, therefore a tremendous amount of energy input).</span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span style="color: black"><span style="font-size: 12px"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Now the chances of something like this happening are next to nothing. But then in retrospect our understanding of the universe so limited.</span></span></span></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="Sinister, post: 122702, member: 2684"] [COLOR=black][FONT=Verdana][/FONT][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][FONT=Verdana] [/FONT][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][FONT=Verdana]it is not that simple. [/FONT][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][FONT=Verdana] [/FONT][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][FONT=Verdana]In-vivo you are somewhat right, the reaction is exothermic;[/FONT][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][FONT=Verdana] [/FONT][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][FONT=Verdana]DNA is formed by the ATP+nucleoside reaction that causes fission of a phoshphate molecule that releases around 9 Kcal, so accordingly with respect to its surroundings it is an exothermic reaction[/FONT][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][FONT=Verdana] [/FONT][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][FONT=Verdana]this also puts DNA in an stable energy trough that contributes to it's stability within the nucleus. but that is meaningless if you consider the body as a whole that maintains the DNA. [/FONT][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][FONT=Verdana] [/FONT][/COLOR] [U][COLOR=black][FONT=Verdana]The term “exothermic” is solely dependant on how you define the parameters of the closed system.[/FONT][/COLOR][/U][COLOR=black][FONT=Verdana] for example, where did that ATP+nucleoside come from?...There was obviously an equally energetic and reversible endothermic reaction responsible for its construction from ADP+nucleoside from an ATP. And lets not even get into the construction of the sugar backbones themselves yet.[/FONT][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][FONT=Verdana] [/FONT][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][FONT=Verdana]so when you start thinking of things such as abiogenesis...you are no longer privy to use a cell environment as a system. But must consider a more open system.[/FONT][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][FONT=Verdana] [/FONT][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][FONT=Verdana]Out of the cell, in the environment, or in vitro, we do not know whether RNA or TNA or DNA replicates in a spontaneous exothermic reaction. One could also assume it was endothermic (because we are creating bonds).[/FONT][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][FONT=Verdana] [/FONT][/COLOR] [COLOR=#001f4b][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman]Entropy (S) decreases as order increases and Entropy increases as disorder increases. [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman] [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman][COLOR=#001f4b]dS(universe)=dS (system) + dS (surroundings) > 0[/COLOR][COLOR=black][/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman] [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman][COLOR=#001f4b]Because the construction of TNA or RNA or DNA decreases the entropy of the atomic particles participating, dS (system)<0. [/COLOR][COLOR=black][/COLOR][/FONT][/SIZE] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman] [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman]dS= q (reversible) / T (temperature)[/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman] [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman]we know that q (reversible) is the heat added to the system undergoing a reversible process (a process that proceeds with infinitesimal changes in the systems conditions)[/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman] [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman]therefore dS (system) (just the molecules participating) < 0 [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman] [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman]which also means q(reversible) / T < 0 [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman] [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman]which indicates an endothermic reaction with the parameters set to just the molecule. [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman] [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman]So bring out a bomb calorimeter and all your soup like reactants that can, [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman] [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [FONT=Times New Roman][COLOR=black][SIZE=3]a)[/SIZE] [/COLOR][COLOR=black][SIZE=3]synthesize ribose sugars [/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][COLOR=black][SIZE=3]b)[/SIZE] [/COLOR][COLOR=black][SIZE=3]synthesize sticky phosphate groups[/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][COLOR=black][SIZE=3]c)[/SIZE] [/COLOR][COLOR=black][SIZE=3]synthesize Nucleotide bases[/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT] [FONT=Times New Roman][COLOR=black][SIZE=3]d)[/SIZE] [/COLOR][COLOR=black][SIZE=3]Mimic synthesizing a stable RNA structure in a natural environment (step by step). Without the help of the machinery of a cell and its enzymes.[/SIZE][/COLOR][/FONT] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman] [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman]Oh and did I mention that this RNA has to be self-replicating in order for the theory to work? Meaning an existing pool of nucleotides have to be synthesized, and then these nucleotides have to be energized by phosphates so that they become sticky and make a backbone (which would require a continous stream of energy being put into the system from outside). [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman] [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman]With the parameters of such a mechanism mapped out above, my most educated guess is that this would be an non-spontaneous endothermic reaction (requiring a tremendous amount of organization, therefore a tremendous amount of energy input).[/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman] [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR][COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman] [/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman]Now the chances of something like this happening are next to nothing. But then in retrospect our understanding of the universe so limited.[/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [COLOR=black][SIZE=3][FONT=Times New Roman][/FONT][/SIZE][/COLOR] [/QUOTE]
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