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The Concept of God in Sikhism

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  #1 (permalink)  
Old 04-Jul-2006, 21:16 PM
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The Concept of God in Sikhism

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may peace be upon all the sisters and brothers in this forum. i am a mulsim who has recently developed a strong interest in sikhism. there are many topics i would like to discuss, the first being the concept / idea / relationship with God in sikhism. it is not possible to insist too strongly on the importance of mantaining civility in our discussions. i look forward to reading your replys.
Reference:: Sikh Philosophy Network http://www.sikhphilosophy.net/hard-talk/9041-the-concept-of-god-in-sikhism.html
Reference:: Sikh Philosophy Network http://www.sikhphilosophy.net/showthread.php?t=9041

as it stands, my knowledge of sikhism is negligable, so could someone please start with something, be it short or long on their views on God according to sikhism. from this initial post inshallah i will be able to ask more questions, allowing my edducation to begin. rest assured while im not posting i will spend some time learning about sikhism from other sources, adding another dimension to our future discussions.

peace. for those of you who wish to refer to me using my name, its faizaan.



 
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  #2 (permalink)  
Old 04-Jul-2006, 21:57 PM
Arvind's Avatar Arvind Arvind is offline
 
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re: The Concept of God in Sikhism

Dear faizaan,

Sikhi has mool mantra that describes The One. This is in the beginning of Guru Granth Sahib, and part of opening bani i.e. Japji Sahib.
Reference:: Sikh Philosophy Network http://www.sikhphilosophy.net/showthread.php?t=9041
Reference:: Sikh Philosophy Network http://www.sikhphilosophy.net/showthread.php?t=9041

Ik Oankaar Satnaam Karta Purakh nirbhao nirvair akaal moorat ajooni saibhang gur parsadi
Jap
Aad sach jugadh sach. Hai bhi sach nanak hosee bhi sach.

There are a few posts abt mool mantra on SPN, which would give you more details. Please let us know, if you coudnt get hold of those, and then I will search those.

Regards, Arvind.
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Old 04-Jul-2006, 22:44 PM
vijaydeep Singh's Avatar vijaydeep Singh vijaydeep Singh is offline
 
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re: The Concept of God in Sikhism

Gurfateh

As per Gurmat God is visible at all the time as all the things are nothing but manifestations of God and God controls all acts.
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Old 05-Jul-2006, 00:37 AM
Arvind's Avatar Arvind Arvind is offline
 
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re: The Concept of God in Sikhism

Quote:
Originally Posted by vijaydeep Singh
Gurfateh

As per Gurmat God is visible at all the time as all the things are nothing but manifestations of God and God controls all acts.
This means: If one can not see God in All, then one can not see God at all.
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Old 05-Jul-2006, 02:39 AM
max314's Avatar max314 max314 is offline
 
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re: The Concept of God in Sikhism

Well, dude, the ultimate truth of Sikkhi is the Truth itself: God.

And what does Sikkhi have to say about God? The Guru Granth Sahib opens with the following passage referred to as the mool mantra that does nothing except incite a poetic (note that it's "poetic" and "scientific", though that doesn't make it any less 'truthful') meditation on the nature of God.

"There is but one God. He is all that is.
He is the Creator of all things and He is all-pervasive.
He is without fear and without enmity.
He is timeless, unborn and self-existent.
He is the Enlightener
And can be reailsed by his grace alone.
He was in the beginning; He was in all ages.
The True One is, was - O, Nänak - and shall forever be."


Guru Granth Sahib
Japji, p.1

As you can see, God is described as being completely removed from any human constructs that we may take for granted. He is beyond any of the constraints upon which mankind's nature is based.

That's the basic starting point for anything to do with Nänakian philosophy. Don't hesitate to ask about anything else.

Quote:
Originally Posted by Arvind
This means: If one can not see God in All, then one can not see God at all.
Precisely.

It's not a case of "you become gur-mukh and then you become complete".

It's more a case of "you become complete and then you become gur-mukh".

The "gur" in "gur-mukh" refers, of course, to the True Guru, the Sat Guru...God himself.

Once the One is realised, then true living can finally begin.

It's the ultimate bliss.

Last edited by max314; 05-Jul-2006 at 02:42 AM. Reason: Automerged Doublepost
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Old 05-Jul-2006, 05:01 AM
a muslim's Avatar a muslim a muslim is offline
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re: The Concept of God in Sikhism

Thank you all for your reply’s, you have made me feel welcome.

(from Aravind) This means: If one can not see God in All, then one can not see God at all.
(from Vijaydeep) all the things are nothing but manifestations of God

Just to make sure I’m not interpreting things wrong, does Sikhism distinguish between God and creation? By “if one can not see God in All” does that mean All is God, or does it mean is all God’s?


(from Max) It's not a case of "you become gur-mukh and then you become complete".
Reference:: Sikh Philosophy Network http://www.sikhphilosophy.net/showthread.php?t=9041

It's more a case of "you become complete and then you become gur-mukh".


What do you mean by “become complete”? im sorry if this is an obvious question, but as stated earlier my knowledge of Sikhism is negligible.


Also, as a separate question, I would like to ask what the relationship between Guru Nanak and God was / is according to Sikhism. Was he human, is he God, was he like a prophet, someone who can communicate with God by His Grace?
Reference:: Sikh Philosophy Network http://www.sikhphilosophy.net/showthread.php?t=9041

Thank you

faizaan

God is described as being completely removed from any human constructs that we may take for granted. He is beyond any of the constraints upon which mankind's nature is based.


How does a sikh know anything about God, that is, if He is removed entirely from human constructs. Is he also removed from human reason? thank you

Last edited by a muslim; 05-Jul-2006 at 05:18 AM. Reason: Automerged Doublepost
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Old 05-Jul-2006, 06:47 AM
max314's Avatar max314 max314 is offline
 
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re: The Concept of God in Sikhism

Quote:
Originally Posted by a muslim
Thank you all for your reply’s, you have made me feel welcome.
Glad to hear it You ma brotha from anotha motha

Quote:
(from Aravind)
Quote:
This means: If one can not see God in All, then one can not see God at all.
Quote:
(from Vijaydeep) all the things are nothing but manifestations of God

Just to make sure I’m not interpreting things wrong, does Sikhism distinguish between God and creation? By “if one can not see God in All” does that mean All is God, or does it mean is all God’s?
A lot of people refer to Sikkhism as a 'monotheist' religion. Monotheism - as per the requisites of the Abrahamic faiths such as Christianity and Islam - is a concept of God as being a distinct and separate entity. Think of the Architect's character in the Matrix series: an omnipotent watcher personified who looks upon his creation and makes judgements and changes according to what pleases him.

It seems that Nänak viewed this form of deifying God as a personification of the true form (or lack of form) of God. It was like a metaphor that didn't quite give the full picture.

In actuality, Sikkhism is really more of a 'pantheistic' religion. Pantheism is a form of belief in God that states that he is both the created and the creator. He is One with all and all is One with him. Think the Force from Star Wars and you'll get the picture:

"It surrounds us, it penetrates us, it binds the universe together."

Bäni starts by dehumanising God, and although humanistic properties are implied throughout bäni, the fundamental concepts laid down in the mool mantra and other passages indicate quite clearly that those personifications are but metaphors; borrowing from Vedic and Islamic images to explain in terms that people at the time would understand about how God does and does not 'operate'.

Quote:
(from Max)
Quote:
It's not a case of "you become gur-mukh and then you become complete".

It's more a case of "you become complete and then you become gur-mukh".


What do you mean by “become complete”? im sorry if this is an obvious question, but as stated earlier my knowledge of Sikhism is negligible.
No, not at all! It's an absolute joy for me to talk about these things; it helps to make things even more clear in my own mind as well And regardless of what ideologies we subscribe to, treating each other with equal respect for being human beings is the absolute ground-root of starting any kind of discourse and harmonious interaction...and general brotherhood among all humans. That's what the goal of Guru Nänak was, and I'm sure that the same applies for Prophet Mohammad.

It's just that we often tend to forget that part

It is said that the full and virtuous human being attempts to overcome the following Five Evils or Five Thieves:
  • Lust (käm)
  • Anger (krödh)
  • Greed (löbh)
  • Attachment (möh)
  • Pride (hankär)
And these are to be overcome using the Five Virtues or Five Weapons:
  • Contentment (santökh)
  • Charity (dhän)
  • Kindness (dhaya)
  • Positive Energy (chardih kalä)
  • Humility (nimarta)
It's not that you're punished for not doing this. It's simply that one will live a happier and more full life if they do. And it is holding these principles at the core of one's thoughts and actions - rooted by constantly remembering the Oneness of All (God) - that allows us to be "complete".

It's also not said that the Five Thieves are to be removed...merely conquered. After all, without lust there would be no children. Without anger, greed, attachment and pride there would be no drive to live.

And this is why they are not to be removed, but controlled, so as to prevent an excess in indulgement that leads ultimately only to pain and suffering.

Quote:
Also, as a separate question, I would like to ask what the relationship between Guru Nanak and God was / is according to Sikhism. Was he human, is he God, was he like a prophet, someone who can communicate with God by His Grace?
Guru Nänak - contrary to what some people will tell you - was a man. Not a God, not a divine presence...but a man. A very wise man, a very insightful man.

We believe that Mohammad and Christ and Buddha and all the other individuals who have been said to be Men Of God are in fact simply ordinary men who thought and did extraordinary things in an attempt to better the society with which they were presented.

And Guru Nänak is no different.

He had insight and wisdom and compassion and a lot of common sense.

The mool mantra states that every man has the potential to 'commune' with God because God is within every man.

Indeed, we need but to realise this close proximity - that God is within us - and lo! We are now communing with God.

It really is as simple as that.

There are some Sikkhs who believe that people reach certain 'levels' of awareness or 'spirituality'. But some of the most 'spiritually aware' people I know are also some of the most unpleasant and arrogant and sometimes even corrupt individuals I have ever met.

So to simply be having mental delusions is not enough to be virtuous.

One must be virtuous through thoughts and subsequent actions...and not by simply believing that reciting words (however 'holy' you believe them to be) and dressing in a certain fashion to attain some grand level of spirituality.

The ultimate awareness is epiphanical awareness. A realisation that the Truth is simply what is.

This is the ultimate bliss.

Quote:
Thank you
Quote:

faizaan
Not a problem.

Quote:
God is described as being completely removed from any human constructs that we may take for granted. He is beyond any of the constraints upon which mankind's nature is based.
Quote:


How does a sikh know anything about God, that is, if He is removed entirely from human constructs. Is he also removed from human reason? thank you
Yes. God is inconceivable by human qualification.

Not only because we can't physically 'see' him as a discrete entity, but also because he is not in any way human.

When we use the term "God's Will", we obviously think of "Will" as being a humanisitc, personified drive...something motivating God by characteristics resembling the Five Thieves. But God - an infinite entity in and of itself - has no use for these things. We need them as survival instincts as biological machines, but God is not bound by these neurochemical signals.

When we use the term "Will", it's better to think of the Schopenhaurian notion of Will...a Cosmic Will. A universal forward-drive that exists as a result of the natural laws upon which this universe is predicated.

It's not 'conscious' in the way that you and I are conscious. It is both less conscious and more conscious at the same time.

As such, when one realises that God pervades every particle in the universe, and that God's Will is undefinable, undefiable, and - ultimately - inevitable, it brings a sense of peace and calm and satisfaction that what will be will be.

Now we can leave God's work to one side and focus on what we know exists: our lives and everything in it.

And what is most important?

To live those lives with the ultimate fulfillment.

The Guru Granth Sahib and the teachings that spawned from the mind and heart of Guru Nänak are but a guidance on how to do this, although it is certainly not the only way.
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Old 05-Jul-2006, 22:22 PM
Arvind's Avatar Arvind Arvind is offline
 
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re: The Concept of God in Sikhism

Quote:
Originally Posted by max314
overcome the following Five Evils or Five Thieves:
  • Lust (käm)
  • Anger (krödh)
  • Greed (löbh)
  • Attachment (möh)
  • Pride (hankär)
And these are to be overcome using the Five Virtues or Five Weapons:

  • Contentment (santökh)
  • Charity (dhän)
  • Kindness (dhaya)
  • Positive Energy (chardih kalä)
  • Humility (nimarta)
Thanks for giving the pleasure of reading this thread. The five virtues are a new learning to me.

Regards.
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Old 06-Jul-2006, 21:53 PM
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re: The Concept of God in Sikhism

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regardless of what ideologies we subscribe to, treating each other with equal respect for being human beings is the absolute ground-root of starting any kind of discourse and harmonious interaction...and general brotherhood among all humans.


Brother, I couldn’t agree more. Reading another debate on this forum made me realise how easily people can become corrupted by romanticism. Reactionary, tribal, racist emotions clouding sight, some people clearly side step (move to another purpose) from the point of contention to hurt the recipient personally. I was aware of this before joining the forum, but having read your welcome replies and sincere posts in other discussions I feel I can talk to you, human to human about Sikhism. Thank you for your effort and time.


Sikhism is really more of a 'pantheistic' religion. He is both the created and the creator. He is One with all and all is One with him.


Guru Nänak - contrary to what some people will tell you - was a man.

The mool mantra states that every man has the potential to 'commune' with God because God is within every man.


Ok, I’m sure you will have come across this before as it seems apparent enough. To get to the point, I want to address the apparent conflict in your writings – the man / God dichotomy. To save us both some time, I’m anticipating this discussion will reduce down to a debate concerning the law of non-contradiction.

How can man pray to God when man is God? If God is within us then is there a part of us that isn’t God? The part which prays? The part which discovers God?




Yes. God is inconceivable by human qualification.
Reference:: Sikh Philosophy Network http://www.sikhphilosophy.net/showthread.php?t=9041

Not only because we can't physically 'see' him as a discrete entity, but also because he is not in any way human.


How did you arrive at these conclusions? If God is beyond all rationality, is there another means by which we can realise Him? If this is spirituality, then this is an internal process relative to each person, such a mechanism renders Sikhism completely esoteric, but this isn’t the case. Sikhs have a variety of external symbolic behaviours, yet Guru Nanak condemned ritualistic practices. It seems to me that the definitions of terms change according to the situation. Please do not take offence from these views. Make me understand.
Reference:: Sikh Philosophy Network http://www.sikhphilosophy.net/showthread.php?t=9041

Thank you
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